| 释义 |
benchmarking, n.
Brit. |ˈbɛn(t)ʃmɑːkɪŋ|, U.S. |ˈbɛn(t)ʃˌmɑrkɪŋ|
[‹ benchmark v. + -ing suffix1.]
1. The action or practice of comparing something to a benchmark; evaluation against an established standard.
1973G. Perry et al. Brookings Papers Econ. Activity 761 The benchmarking of the industrial production index to the Census of Manufacturers is done by seven-digit product classes. 1990Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) (B.) 329383 Field monitoring..was the initial tool for assessment, but inefficiency of the process and poor data interpretability turned the group's attention to benchmarking. 2000Nature 30 Mar. 430/1 Leaders of the European Union agreed on a timetable for introducing a benchmarking system for member states' research policies.
2. Business. A process in which a business evaluates its own operations (often specific procedures) by detailed comparison with those of another business (esp. a competitor), in order to establish best practice and improve performance; the examination and emulation of other organizations' strengths.
The term is sometimes also applied to an internal inter-departmental review of a company.
1976Harvard Business Rev. Mar.–Apr. b2/1 Benchmarking and tracking are more important than absolute measures against alleged standards; there simply aren't any reliable standards yet. 1990Internat. Herald Tribune (Paris) 26 Apr. 13/1 Benchmarking does not have to involve competitors... When Xerox executives wanted to evaluate their sheet-metal manufacturing processes they looked at Japanese automakers. 1999Physician Executive (Electronic ed.) 1 Nov. 50 Benchmarking did not create new management problems... Rather, management's role has been simplified and transformed by physicians adopting the benchmarking process.
3. Computing. The measurement of a computer system's capabilities, using standardized or agreed performance-testing programs, whose results may be used for comparison with those of other computers. Freq. attrib. Cf. bench-mark n.
1978Computing Europe 7 Dec. 9/1 The latest IBM big processor outperforms and is a better buy than its major plug compatible rivals... This is the main conclusion of extensive benchmarking tests. 1988Computer Weekly 28 Apr. 24 The benchmarking of computers has always been more of an art than a science. 1991UnixWorld Aug. 31/2 The listing of benchmarking hazards fails to discuss the catastrophes that often come from failing to disable or outwit optimizing compilers. 1998Chicago Tribune 5 Oct. iv. 2/3 The company makes several other benchmarking programs, but they are more specialized for corporate markets. |