| 释义 |
rosary|ˈrəʊzərɪ|
[ad. L. rosārium rose-garden, f. rosa rose n. Hence also It., Sp., and Pg. rosario, F. rosaire (1611) in sense 5.]
†1. The title of a treatise on alchemy (Rosarium philosophorum) by Arnaldus de Villa Nova. Obs.—1
c1386Chaucer Can. Yeom. T. 876 Lo, thus seith Arnold of the new toun, As his Rosarie maketh mencioun.., Ther may no man Mercurie mortifie.
2. Hist. A base or counterfeit coin, of foreign origin, current in England during the thirteenth century at the value of a penny, and declared illegal by Edward I.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VIII. 289 Kyng Edward dampned sodeynliche fals money þat was slyliche i-brouȝt up: men cleped þe money pollardes, crocardes and rosaries [rosarios]. a1513Fabyan Chron. vii. 401. 1568 Grafton Chron. II. 182. 1605 Camden Rem. (1623) 176 Afterward Crocards and Pollards were decried downe to an halfe penny, Rosaries, Stepings and Staldings forbidden. 1749J. Simon Ess. Irish Coins 15 note, These..foreign coins, called Mitres, Lionines, Rosaries,..&c. from the stamp or figures impressed on them, were privately brought from..beyond the seas, and uttered here for pennies.
3. a. A piece of ground set apart for the cultivation of roses; a rose-garden, rosarium. Also, a rose-bed, rose-plot.
c1440Pallad. on Husb. iii. 526 This mone is eke rosaries to make With setes, or me may her sedes sowe. Ibid. iv. 126 Soone in this mone ek make vp thi rosary. 1570Levins Manip. 105 A Rosarie, rosarium. 1608Machin Dumb Kt. iv. i, What, is there a Hercules that dare to touch Or enter the Hesperian rosaries? 1657G. Thornley Daphnis & Chloe 182 Alas, the Rosaries, how are they broken down! 1815Hist. J. Decastro iv. 37 Coming to the rosary,..I sat down upon the seat. 1822Loudon Encycl. Gard. §6555 In rosaries commonly but one plant of a sort is introduced, and the varieties which most resemble each other are placed together. 1869S. R. Hole Bk. about Roses 44 Men of moderate means may make or maintain a Rosary at a very moderate expense.
fig.c1440Alph. Tales 325/1 He was hedid & cristend in his awn blude, & broght vnto þe rosary of paradyce. 1671J. Webster Metallogr. 168 This is the key of all their secrets, and onely can open the door into the Philosophers Rosary. [Cf. sense 1.]
†b. A rose-bush or rose-tree. Obs. rare.
1523Skelton Garl. Laur. 979 The ruddy rosary, The souerayne rosemary, The praty strawbery. 1606Proceed. agst. Garnet D d 3 The sweetest and the fairest blossome that euer budded, either out of the white, or the red Rosary.
†4. Used as the title of a book of devotion. Obs.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 298 Here begynneth the Rosary of our Sauyour Jesu, gyuynge thankes and prayse to his holy name, by maner of meditacyon and prayer. 1533(title), The Mystik sweet Rosary of the faythful soule: garnished rownde aboute..with fressh fragraunt flowers. 1583Stubbes (title), The Rosarie of Christian Praiers and Meditations for diuers Purposes.
5. R.C. Ch.
a. A form of prayer or set of devotions consisting in the recitation or chanting of fifteen decades of Aves, each decade being preceded by a Paternoster and followed by a Gloria; Our Lady's Psalter; a book containing this.
There are also other rosaries, as that of St. Bridget, of the Seven Dolours, etc.: see the Catholic Dict. s.v.
1547Homilies i. in Good Works iii. (1859) 61 Let us rehearse some other kinds of papistical superstitions and abuses, as of Beads, of Lady Psalters and Rosaries. 1570Googe Pop. Kingd. iii. (1880) 36 b, Used commonly as most of weight, the Rosaries do flourish wondrously. 1605–6Act 3 Jas. I c. 5 §24 No person shall bring from beyond Seas..any Popish Primers, Ladies Psalters, Manuels, Rosaries. 1679J. Sharp Serm. St. Margarets 28 You may entertain yourselves with saying over your Rosary..and other Private Prayers. 1715Bentley Serm. x. 371 Nothing but Mass⁓books and Rosaries,..dry Postills and fabulous Legends. 1792J. Townsend Journ. thro' Spain II. 17 We met twelve fine made fellows who came from Navarre singing the rosary. 1830–2Carleton Traits (1843) I. 240, I..signalized myself frequently by taking the lead in a rosary. 1884Tablet 11 Oct. 591/1 St. Dominic's Priory..seems to be more and more recognised as the centre of the devotion of the Rosary.
transf.1616B. Jonson Entertainment at Althorpe Wks. 875 As the rosarie of Kisses, With the oath that neuer misses. 1649Milton Eikon. i. Wks. 1851 III. 347 To throw contempt.. upon this his Idoliz'd Book, and the whole rosarie of his Prayers.
b. In full the Rosary of Our Lady, etc.
1570Foxe A. & M. (ed. 2) 860 Among the which Friers there was one named Alanus de rupe, a Blacke Frier, whiche made the Rosarye of our Ladyes Psalter (so they terme it). 1584R. Scot Disc. Witchcr. (1886) 445 An example taken out of the Rosarie of our Ladie, in which booke doo remaine..ninetie and eight examples to this effect. 1635A. Stafford Fem. Glory 235 The Sodalitie of the Rosary of this our blessed Lady. 1669(title), The Method of Saying the Rosary of Our Blessed Lady.
6. a. R.C. Ch. A string of a hundred and sixty-five beads divided into fifteen sets (each having ten small and one large bead), carried on the person and used to assist the memory in the recital of the Rosary; also, a similar set of fifty-five beads (the lesser rosary). The small beads represent Aves and the large ones Paternosters and Glorias.
1597Bp. Hall Sat. vi. ii, When at the Corner-crosse thou did'st him meet, Tumbling his Rosaries hanging at his belt. 1744Ozell tr. Brantome's Sp. Rhodom. (ed. 2) 175 A Death's Head at the End of a Gold or Diamond Rosary. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xxxi, I leave it to cowards like thee to carry rosaries. 1832W. Irving Alhambra II. 223 Information having been carried..of the crosses and rosaries, and other reliques contained in the bag. 1858tr. Life of Xavier 13 Each one wore his rosary hanging round his neck.
fig.1820Keats Isabella xxiv, Come down,..ere the hot sun count His dewy rosary on the eglantine. 1881A. J. Duffield Don Quix. II. 46, I came against a rosary or a string of people miserable and unhappy. 1951N. Marsh Opening Night v. 106 Trying to cheer herself up by telling over her rosary of romantic memories. 1960S. Becker tr. Schwarz-Bart's Last of Just (1961) vi. 291 One day Fräulein Blumenthal arrived to visit, leading her rosary of tiny Levys.
b. A string of beads used by other religious sects in the recitation of their prayers.
1868Proc. Geogr. Soc. 15 July 154–5 The Tibetans made use of the rosary and prayer-wheel... The rosary..ought to have 108 beads. 1883Gilmour Mongols xvii. 204 Buddhism puts into his hand a rosary.
c. Path. (See quots.)
1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. III. 115 The enlargement of the ends of the ribs at the junction with the costal cartilages—the ‘beads’ which collectively form what is called the ‘rosary’—is the earliest of all the bone changes. 1901Dunglison's Med. Dict. App., Rosary, rachitic, row of elevations like beads, on the cartilages of the ribs in rickets.
†7. A chaplet or coronet. (In quots. fig.) Obs.
1651Jer. Taylor Holy Dying iii. §1 Christ hath now knit them into Rosaries and Coronets. a1667― Diary 1 Every day propound to your selfe a Rosary or a Chaplet of good Works, to present to God at night.
†8. (See quot.) Obs.—0
1656Blount (copying Cotgrave), Rosary,..an ordinary Limbeck for distilling Rose water.
9. attrib. and Comb., as rosary bead, rosary chain, rosary confraternity, rosary devotion. Rosary-Sunday, R.C. Ch., the first Sunday in October, when the victory over the Turks at Lepanto (1571) is celebrated.
1748Earthquake at Lima (ed. 2) 271 Rosary Devotion. 1834Penny Cycl. IV. 78 Beads (Rosary Beads) are made of horn, ebony, ivory,..and other materials. 1865Pall Mall G. No. 206. 10/2 Sunset on Rosary-Sunday. 1871–2(title), The Rosarian; a monthly organ of the Holy Rosary Confraternity. 1873Catal. Exhib. Jewellery (S. Kensington Mus.) No. 770, Rosary-chain of pearls and diamonds with cross as pendant. 1884Tablet 11 Oct. 591/1 Rosary Sunday has always been distinguished by a special observance.
b. rosary-palm, rosary-pea, rosary-shell: (see quots.).
1684tr. Exquemeling's Bucaniers Amer. i. 33 There be also in Hispaniola four other species of Palms, which are..Palma Espinosa or Prickle-palm, Palma a chapelet or Rosary-palm [etc.]. 1866Treas. Bot. 854/2 Pea, Rosary, the seed of Abrus precatorius. 1898Morris Austral Eng. 394/2 Rosary-shell. In Europe, the name is applied to any marine gastropod shell of the genus Monodonta. In Australia, it is applied to the shell of Nerita atrata. |