| 释义 |
rheumatism|ˈruːmətɪz(ə)m|
[ad. late L. rheumatism-us, a. Gr. ῥευµατισµ-ός, f. ῥευµατίζειν (see rheumatize). Cf. F. rhumatisme (16th c.).]
†1. A ‘defluxion of rheum’. Obs.
1601Holland Pliny II. 133 Fluxes, called by the Greekes Rheumatismes.
2. A disease of which inflammation and pain of the joints are prominent features. In early use commonly with a and pl., an attack of this disease. acute (articular) rheumatism, the same as rheumatic fever. muscular rheumatism, myalgia.
Formerly supposed to be caused by a ‘defluxion of rheum’. In popular use the word is applied to various kinds of painful articular and muscular affections.
1688Salmon Phylaxa Med. (ed. 2) 14/1 Tartarous Diseases, as the Scurvy, Pox, Dropsy, Jaundice, Gout, Rheumatism. 1699Bentley Phal. Introd. 24 That common story, that Epictetus was lame of one Leg..by a Rheumatism. 1700Dryden Pal. & Arc. iii. 407 And rheumatisms I send to rack the joints. 1749R. James Diss. Fevers Add. 62 This Medicine [sc. James's Powder] has been found..to be most effectual in a Rheumatism. 1845Budd Dis. Liver 43 Diseased heart, consequent on rheumatism. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede xviii, On wet Sundays, or whenever he had a touch of rheumatism, he used to read the three first chapters of Genesis. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VII. 476 A girl..had post-scarlatinal ‘rheumatism’ at nine years of age. 1910,1915[see fibrositis]. 1966Wright & Symmers Systemic Path. I. iii. 113/2 The focal lesions of acute rheumatism are usually found in close relationship to arteries.
3. attrib.: rheumatism root, the root of (1) some species of Jeffersonia, (2) Dioscorea villosa; the plants themselves; rheumatism weed, a name for some species of Pyrola.
1798Nemnich Polygl. Lex., Rheumatism weed, Pyrola minor. 1855Dunglison Dict. Med. Sci., Rheumatism Weed, Pyrola maculata, P. umbellata. 1857Ibid., Rheumatism Root, Jeffersonia Bartoni. 1866Treas. Bot., Rheumatism-root, Jeffersonia diphylla. 1887Bentley Man. Bot. 706 The rhizome of D[ioscorea] villosa,..commonly known as ‘rheumatism root’.
Hence rheumaˈtismal [cf. F. rhumatismal], † rheumatisˈmatic adjs., rheumatic; rheumaˈtismoid a., resembling rheumatism.
1695Phil. Trans. XIX. 19 Those sharp and pungent Pains which Rheumatismatick Persons so generally complain of. 1855Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XVI. i. 11 A rheumatismal inflammation. 1858Mayne Expos. Lex., Rheumatismoid,..resembling rheumatism;..applied to symptoms of diseases which resemble those of rheumatism. |