| 释义 |
prehension|prɪˈhɛnʃən|
[ad. L. prehensiōn-em seizing, apprehending, n. of action f. prehendĕre (see prehend). So F. préhension (prehencion c 1400 in Godef.).]
1. a. The action of taking hold (physically); grasping, seizing. Chiefly Zool.
1828Webster, Prehension, a taking hold; a seizing; as with the hand or other limb. Lawrence. 1833Sir C. Bell Hand (1834) 159 The bill of the bird..is the organ of prehension and of touch. 1884H. Spencer in Contemp. Rev. July 39 Food cannot be got without powers of prehension.
b. A taking possession, occupation, seizure. rare.
1880J. B. Phear Aryan Vill. in India Introd. 15 The prehension and clearing of a definite tract of ground, and..arrangements for tilling..it.
†2. Seizure or arrest in the name of justice or authority; apprehension. Obs.
1534Act 26 Hen. VIII, c. 6 §9 The nexte sessions..to be holden after the prehension or attachement of such offendour. 1581Lambarde Eiren. i. xii. (1588) 66 The ancient Conseruator of the Peace, who had onely Coertion or Prehension in a few cases. 1802Bentham Princ. Judicial Procedure xxii. §1 Prehension, applied to things, will be with reference to—1. A thing immoveable... 2. A thing moveable... 3. A stock of things moveable.
3. a. Grasping with the mind; mental apprehension.
1836J. Abbott Way to do Good ix. 294 There is something in man which enables him to seize, as it were, by direct prehension, what is true and right when it is distinctly presented to him. 1899Blackw. Mag. Sept. 375/2 Mr. Churchill's instinctive prehension of her claims to fashionable distinction.
b. Philos. Apprehension of something perceived that may or may not involve cognition; the interaction that exists between a subject and an entity or event.
1925A. N. Whitehead Sci. & Mod. World (1926) iv. 97 The word ‘perceive’ is, in our common usage, shot through and through with the notion of cognitive apprehension. So is the word ‘apprehension’, even with the adjective cognitive omitted. I will use the word ‘prehension’ for uncognitive apprehension: by this I mean apprehension which may or may not be cognitive. 1931A. Wolf in W. Rose Outl. Mod. Knowl. xiii. 584 The ‘interlockings’ of actual occasions are called ‘prehensions’, and are conceived causally. Each actual occasion is generated from its prehensions of preceding occasions, and is prehended by succeeding occasions. 1938C. D. Broad Exam. McTaggart's Philos. II. i. 4, I propose to substitute the artificial term Prehension for ‘perception’ when used in McTaggart's extended sense. I think that this word avoids the objections to ‘perception’ and ‘acquaintance’, which I have pointed out. 1945R. G. Collingwood Idea of Nature iii. iii. 173 Everything enjoys what he calls ‘prehensions’, that is to say, somehow absorbs what is outside itself into its own being. 1959W. A. Christian Interpretation of Whitehead's Metaphysics i. 12 A prehension is an operation in which an actual entity ‘grasps’ some other entity (actual or nonactual) and makes that entity an object of its experience. 1964I. Leclerc in Reese & Freeman Process & Divinity 137 Form is the object of ‘conceptual prehension’, not of ‘physical prehension’. 1971V. Lowe in D. Brown et al. Process Philos. & Christian Thought i. 7 A prehension is not so much a relation as a relating, or transition, which carries the object into the makeup of the subject. |