| 释义 |
preceptor|prɪˈsɛptər|
Also 5 -ur, 6 -our, 6–7 præ-.
[a. L. præceptor a teacher, instructor, whence also F. précepteur (15th c. in Littré): see precept n. and -or 2.]
1. a. One who instructs; a teacher, instructor, tutor.
c1440Alphabet of Tales 418 One þat was callid Anaximetes, þat was his preceptur & his maister. a1568R. Ascham Scholem. (Arb.) 48 The scholemaster is vsed, both for Præceptor in learnyng, and Pædagogus in maners. 1579Reg. Privy Council Scot. III. 200 Maister George Buquhannane, pensionar of Corsragwell, his majesteis preceptor. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 277 Clemens Alexandrinus an ancient Father and preceptor unto Origen. 1771Burke Corr. (1844) I. 332 History is a preceptor of prudence, not of principles. 1878G. Smith J. Wilson xvii. (1879) 308 Preceptors of religion unless they purify themselves, cannot expect success to attend their labours.
b. transf. As title of a book containing instructions for some art. (Cf. tutor.)
1843Musical World XVIII. 431/3 Improved Preceptor for the Cornopean.
2. The head of a preceptory of Knights Templars.
1710J. Harris Lex. Techn. II. s.v. Preceptorie, The Knights Templars and Hospitalars sent part of their Fraternity to some Country Cell, which was govern'd by a Person whom they called a Præceptor or Commander. 1819Scott Ivanhoe xxxv, This establishment of the Templars was seated amidst fair meadows.., which the devotion of the former preceptor had bestowed upon their Order.
3. spec. A physician or specialist who gives a medical student practical training. U.S.
1803Med. Jrnl. IX. 410 My justly celebrated preceptor, Dr. Cullen, has been quoted. 1837R. Dunglison Med. Student ii. 126 The question;—what subjects the office-student should peruse during his first year... Generally..the preceptor gives himself but little trouble. 1864S. Chew Lect. Med. Educ. p. x, Is it necessary to pay attention to Medical Auscultation? My old preceptor considered it wholly useless. 1912Cycl. Amer. Med. Biogr. II. 316/1 On the death of his preceptor, Dr. A. Torrence [he] succeeded to his practice. 1925A. Flexner Med. Educ. v. 107 A mere boy, fresh from school, he attended his preceptor in his office and on his visits. 1937J. T. Flexner Doctors on Horseback i. 9 Morgan apprenticed himself to an experienced doctor; there was no other way of studying medicine... Preceptors were limited to repeating what they had learnt from their own preceptors. 1948Jrnl. Hist. Med. Winter 96 He swept out the office, cleaned the instruments, kept the accounts... After three years of this he would, if he had his preceptor's recommendation, appear before three members of the Board of Censors of the County Medical Society. 1959Hammond & Kern Teaching Comprehensive Med. Care vii. 82 Each General Medical Clinic student was assigned to a preceptorial group... Two staff physicians were assigned to each group as preceptors. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 16 Oct. 10/3 A third-year Michigan State student who has served under two preceptors.
Hence preˈceptoral a. [so F. préceptoral], of or pertaining to a preceptor; preˈceptorate [so F. préceptorat], the office of preceptor or giver of instruction.
c1847B. Barton Select. (1849) 46 Free from all restraint, save that of parental or preceptoral authority and affection. 1896Daily News 26 Dec. 2/2 A Society for higher female education, called the Institute of Ladies of the Christian Preceptorate, by the Vicomtesse d'Adhemar. |