| 释义 |
pralidoxime Pharm.|prælɪˈdɒksiːm|
[f. aldoxime s.v. aldo- with arbitrary insertion of p, r, and i (from pyridine).]
(A salt of) the 2-hydroxyiminomethyl-1-methylpyridinium ion, HO·N:CH·C5H4N+·CH3 , which reactivates the enzyme cholinesterase and is used as an adjunct to atropine in the treatment of poisoning by certain cholinesterase inhibitors (as malathion and parathion).
1961Approved Names (Brit. Pharmacopœia Comm.) 19 Pralidoxime Iodide, Picolinaldoxime methiodide, Protopam. 1965New Drugs xlvi. 473/1 Pralidoxime chloride restores the depressed cholinesterase activity resulting from organophosphate poisoning. 1970Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xxxii. 2/2 Treatment of intoxication with carbamate or organophosphorus insecticides includes the use of atropine which antagonizes the muscarinic effects of acetylcholine and of pralidoxime, a cholinesterase reactivator. Pralidoxime is a quaternary ammonium compound (hydroxyiminomethyl-1-methylpyridinium) which is given slowly intravenously. 1974M. C. Gerald Pharmacol. vii. 132 Normal cholinesterase activity is restored..when a cholinesterase reactivator, notably pralidoxime (2-PAM), is used as an antidote. 1978Daily Tel. 23 Jan. 13/7 British soldiers and airmen are now equipped with pills which will enable them to survive three or four times the normal lethal dose of most nerve gases... The pills, produced from pralidoxime mesylate..are issued in batches for each 24 hours. |