| 释义 |
portolan|ˈpɔətəʊlən|
Also portolano |pɔətəʊˈlɑːnəʊ|, portulan |ˈpɔətjʊlən|.
[ad. It. portolano, f. porto port n.1: cf. L. hortulānus, It. ortolano gardener, f. hortus garden; thence F. portulan.]
A book of sailing directions, describing harbours, sea-coasts, etc., and illustrated with charts. Also attrib. and Comb.
1858Simmonds Dict. Trade, Portulan (French), a ship⁓master's guide; a book containing the situation and description of sea-ports, etc., with instructions for navigation. 1878Nature XVIII. 151/1 Among these old maps and portulans..are:—1. The Medicean Portulan (1351). 2. The Catalan Atlas. 1891J. Winsor Columbus App. 530 About the beginning of the fourteenth century Italy and the western Mediterranean islands began to produce those atlases of sea⁓charts, which have come down to us under the name of ‘portolanos’. 1894― Cartier to Frontenac 7 It seems to be evident from a Portuguese portolano of 1504..that at this time they had not developed the entrances to this gulf north and west of Newfoundland. 1897F. A. Bather tr. Nordenskiöld's Periplus 18 The portolan-manufacturer or draughtsman used by preference gaudy and bright colours. 1898Geogr. Jrnl. XII. 374 We then have..a Series of World-maps and Mediterranean portolans. 1935Ibid. LXXXV. 105, 430 portolans dating from the fourteenth to the sixteenth centuries. 1941Antiquity XV. 186 Portolan charts were intended for the use of mariners. 1972Daily Tel. 12 Dec. 14/6 Dolphin Book Company, of Oxford, paid {pstlg}7,000 for a complete Mediterranean portolan atlas signed Joannes Oliva and dated Messina 1582. 1978Nature 1 June 409/1 For many the intriguing question remains: whether the keenly observant craftsmen-sailors of Northern Europe did not have a recorded lore of their own—effective but, like the portolan charts, tardily acknowledged by the churchmen? |