| 释义 |
phenetic, a. Taxonomy.|fəˈnɛtɪk|
[f. Gr. ϕαίν-ειν to appear + -etic as in phyletic a.]
(See quot. 1960.) So pheˈnetically adv., showing similar characteristics; pheˈneticism, taxonomy that stresses classifications based on obvious resemblances; pheˈneticist, a taxonomist using classifications of this type.
1960Cain & Harrison in Proc. Zool. Soc. CXXXV. 3 Following a suggestion made by Mr. H. K. Pusey, we shall refer to the arrangement by overall similarity, based on all available characters without any weighting as phenetic, since it employs all observable characters (including of course genetic data when available). Ibid., When a good fossil record is available..the whole evolutionary dendrite can be worked out for that group simply by putting those forms together that are most alike phenetically. 1963Davis & Heywood Princ. Angiosperm Taxon. iv. 112 The separation of phenetic and phylogenetic classifications is not generally accepted today. 1968Nature 9 Nov. 547/1 The school of the pheneticists, one of the branches of numerical taxonomy. They deliberately set out to ‘make’ taxa on the basis of calculated overall similarity. Ibid., The phenetic approach has been most useful when applied to groups with immature classifications..and to those with numerous non-redundant characters. 1971Virology XLV. 357/2 To be useful, a classification of viruses..must be based on many characters, not few... This will give a classification based on the general resemblance of the phenotypic characters of the viruses (a ‘phenetic classification’). 1972Nature 21 Apr. 412/2 Extreme pheneticism is equally criticized.
Add:B. n. pl. (usu. const. as sing.). The numerical taxonomy of organisms, based on their observed similarities and differences, and without reference to their evolutionary relationships; the systematics of phenotypes.
1968Science 9 Feb. 659/2 This is a cladistic (or branching) approach toward forming a classification and markedly differs from the methodology of phenetics which emphasizes the degree of similarity independent of the way in which similarity was achieved. 1970Proc. 2nd Internat. Congr. Parasitol. in Jrnl. Parasitol. LVI. iv. 45/2 Phenetics utilizes any observable and measurable characters to evaluate overall similarity and differences among organisms, without regard for their history. 1973[see cladistic n.]. |