| 释义 |
▪ I. pontoon, n.1|pɒnˈtuːn|
Forms: 7–9 ponton, 8– pontoon.
[ad. F. ponton (14th c. in Littré) a flat-bottomed boat, a pontoon:—L. ponto, -ōnem a punt, floating bridge, pontoon, f. pons, pont-em bridge: see -oon.]
1. a. A flat-bottomed boat used as a lighter, ferry-boat, or the like (cf. pont2 and pont3); spec. in Mil. Engineering, such a boat, or other floating vessel (as a hollow metal cylinder), of which a number are used to support a temporary bridge over a river. More widely, any structure designed to provide buoyancy in the water.
[1591Burghley in Unton's Corr. (Roxb.) 266, 3,000 charrets laden with certeine peeces of wood, ‘quilz appelent le ponton, pour faire les pontz’.] 1676Lond. Gaz. No. 1087/4 One of the Batteries is raised upon Pontons on the Water. 1681Blount Glossogr. (ed. 5), Ponton, a Wherry, or Ferry-Boat. Gazette. 1690Luttrell Brief Rel. (1857) II. 286 He layed a bridge of pontoons over the Shannon. 1702Lond. Gaz. No. 3785/2 A great number of Pontons made of Leather, of a new Invention, very useful and light of Carriage. 1710J. Harris Lex. Techn. II. s.v., The late Invented Ponton is a Boat of Tin or rather Latten, eight Yards long and two broad, having a large Ring at each Corner. 1723Pres. St. Russia I. 9 It was proposed to the Czar to make a Bridge on Pontons over it. 1763Brit. Mag. IV. 556 He was..pleased..to order the tin pontoons of the Marquis of Kildare's regiment of artillery to ply on the rivers, where the bridges have been broken down, till they can be repaired. 1811Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1838) VII. 414 Tin pontoons are just as good as others..they will positively bear field pieces. 1823J. Badcock Dom. Amusem. 206 The ponton..to be formed of oval plates (in pairs) each of these being hollow in the middle,..and two being laid together, the edges are to be soldered, or welded strongly, and the case or ponton is complete. 1941Sun (Baltimore) 15 Sept. 13/1 Just before the regatta ended, he was driving Onwego, a hydroplane, out of the pits and ran his pontoon well over the side of one of the Coast Guard picket boats. 1975North Sea Background Notes (Brit. Petroleum Co.) 11 The hull platform rests on a number of legs which have at their bases pontoons. During moves from one location to another, the entire vessel floats on the sea surface, but on reaching the new location the pontoons are then ballasted with water so that they sink. 1976Offshore Platforms & Pipelining 121/1 Pipe leaves the barge via the curved ramp and a straight or curved pontoon and progresses to the sea floor.
†b. Sometimes applied to the floating bridge so formed. Obs.
1704J. Harris Lex. Techn. I, Ponton, in Fortification, is a Bridge made of two Boats, at some Distance one from another, both covered with Planks; as also the Internal Space betwixt them. 1835Sir J. Ross Narr. 2nd Voy. xli. 546 They..had observed our pontoon without meddling with it.
2. Naut. A large flat-bottomed barge or lighter furnished with cranes, capstans, and tackle, used for careening ships, raising weights, etc.
1769–76Falconer Dict. Marine, Pontoon, a low flat vessel, nearly resembling a lighter, or barge of burthen, and furnished with cranes, capsterns, tackles, and other machinery, necessary for careening ships of all sizes. These are very common in the principal parts of the Mediterranean, but are rarely used in the northern parts of Europe. 1867in Smyth Sailor's Word-bk.
3. Hydraulic Engineering. = caisson 2 c, 2 d.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1764 Ponton..3. a. A water-tight structure..placed beneath a submerged vessel and then filled with air to assist in refloating the vessel. b. A water-tight structure which is sunk by filling with water, and raised by pumping it out, used to close a sluiceway or entrance to a dock. 1879Cassell's Techn. Educ. ix. 162 The entrances to docks are sometimes closed by means of pontoons, which are large hollow vessels fitted with a kind of keel or projection round the sides and bottom.
4. attrib. and Comb., as pontoon equipment; pontoon-bridge, a bridge constructed upon pontoons; pontoon-train, a train of wagons carrying pontoons.
1796Compaigns 1793–4, II. 68 On the 21st, a Pontoon Bridge was thrown over the Rhine. 1834–47J. S. Macaulay Field Fortif. (1851) 132 An army provided with a good pontoon train cannot be prevented effecting the passage of a river, if that army be skilfully commanded. 1838Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 327/2 The pontoon equipment having been landed on the Marsh, a bridge consisting of 20 pontoons at open order,..was laid across the Medway.
▪ II. pontoon, n.2|pɒnˈtuːn|
[Appar. corrupted from vingt-et-un, vingt-un.]
A popular name for the card game vingt-et-un, vingt-un.
1917A. G. Empey Over Top 304 Pontoon, a card game, in America known as ‘Black Jack’ or ‘Twenty One’. The bank is the only winner. 1927Daily Express 26 July 9/5 A ghostly platoon wouldn't frighten me!..perhaps they'd be playing pontoon. 1961A. Wykes Gambling vii. 177 The three modern banking games—baccarat (or chemin-de-fer), blackjack, (or vingt-et-un or pontoon), and seven-and-a-half—are all complicated versions of European games of the 15th and 16th centuries. 1973J. Wood North Beat x. 134 The locker-room table..used for pontoon and brag sessions. 1976J. Bingham God's Defector iii. 28 He was playing pontoon and drinking with four friends in a back room... Rob Flint had just laid two cards face up on the table, an ace and a king.
b. A prison sentence or term of twenty one months (occas. twenty one years). slang (chiefly Criminals').
1950C. Franklin She'll love you Dead vii. 90 ‘They'll get me a pontoon for assault when Mr. Garfield tells 'is story,’ said Al miserably. ‘A pontoon?’ ‘Twenty-one months,’ explained Garfield. 1958F. Norman Bang to Rights 177 This geezer was doing a pontoon. 1962John o' London's 25 Jan. 82/3, 21 months [imprisonment], pontoon. 1977‘E. Crispin’ Glimpses of Moon xii. 235 He had been put away three times..the third for a pontoon.
▪ III. ponˈtoon, v.
[f. pontoon n.1: cf. to bridge.]
trans. To cross (a river) by means of pontoons. Also fig.
1864Blackmore Clara V. lxii, For this power..a great historian employs a happy expression not welcomed by our language; he calls it the power to ‘pontoon the emergency’. 1870Daily News 6 Dec., It is believed that they had pontooned the stream. 1890Spectator 8 Mar., They would have pontooned the distance, agreeing to do the work over and over again when needful.
Hence ponˈtooning vbl. n.
1853Sir H. Douglas Milit. Bridges (ed. 3) 142 Cultivating, practically and experimentally, the art of pontooning. 1878W. S. Sherman in N. Amer. Rev. CXXVI. 206 A school of instruction in pontooning. 1893Mrs. Swinton Lady de Ros 79 To..witness their pontooning operations. |