| 释义 |
pontifical, a. and n.|pɒnˈtɪfɪkəl|
[ad. L. pontificālis of or belonging to a pontifex: see -al1. So F. pontifical (1404 in Hatz.-Darm.).]
A. adj.
I. Pertaining to a pontiff.
1. Pertaining or proper to a bishop or prelate; episcopal.
c1440Alphabet of Tales 74 A holie hermett..saw þis Basilius on a tyme walk in his pontificall abbett. 1530Palsgr. 321/1 Pontyfycall, belongyng to a bysshop, pontifical, episcopal. 1641Milton Ch. Govt. vi. Wks. 1851 III. 126 The rending of your pontificall sleeves. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 176/2 The Mitred Abbot..exerciseth Pontifical, or Episcopal Jurisdictions. 1890Durham & Northumb. Arch. Trans. IV. 19 Mr. Bond..has omitted the Pontifical years of the Bishops of Durham altogether.
2. spec.
a. Of or pertaining to the pope; papal.
1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 95 That he wold be so bestyal To forsakyn hys glorye pontifical. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. clv. 426 She came to the popes palays in Auignon, and..went to se the pope, who sate in consystory in a chayre pontyficall. 1614Jackson Creed iii. xxxi. §1 Thus did Innocent the third, and other Popes, write diuers books,..as if they had proceeded from their Pontificall authority. 1765Blackstone Comm. I. Introd. iii. 82 Besides these pontifical collections, which, during the times of popery, were received as authentic in this island. 1864Bryce Holy Rom. Emp. xiii. (1875) 218 Leo III did not suppose..that it was by his sole pontifical authority that the crown was given to the Frank.
†b. Adhering to the pope or the papacy; popish, papistical. Obs.
1533Tindale Supper of Lord B vij b, Lorde how thys pontificall poet playeth hys parte.
3. gen. Of or pertaining to a chief or high priest; high-priestly.
c1440York Myst. xxx. 207 As I [Caiaphas] am pontificall prince of all prestis. 1578T. N. tr. Conq. W. India 380 Then came the high priest cloathed in his pontificall vestmentes. 1635–56Cowley Davideis iv. Note 20 It will be therefore askt, Why I make him here perform the Office of the High-Priest, and dress him in the Pontifical Habits? 1708Ockley Saracens (1848) 141 Omar was invested with the regal and the pontifical dignity, and saluted by universal consent ‘the Caliph of the Apostle of God’. 1775Adair Amer. Ind. 81 Their pontifical office descends by inheritance to the eldest.
4. a. Characterized by the pomp, state, dignity, authority, or dogmatic character of a pontiff.
1589Marprel. Epit. F iij, As though he could not be as popelike and pontificall, as my Lorde of Canterburie. 1604R. Cawdrey Table Alph., Pontificall, lordly, stately, Bishoplike. 1632Massinger City Madam iv. i, Luke. You know Mistress Shave'em? Gettall. The pontifical punk? 1672Marvell Reh. Transp. i. 32 The..leading party of the English Clergy..retained such a Pontifical stiffness towards the foreign Divines. 1892Morley in 19th Cent. Feb. 313 Littré..less provoked..by Comte's arrogance, his pontifical airs, and his hatred of liberty.
b. Applied to a shade of purple. (Cf. pontiff 4.)
1899Daily News 27 Feb. 6/6 A new half-mourning dress.. in cloth of a pontifical purple tint.
II.
5. Rom. Antiq. Of or belonging to the pontifices of ancient Rome: see pontifex 1.
1579–80North Plutarch (1595) 73 The great Pontifex..hath the place, authoritie, and dignitie of the..maister of their pontificall lawe. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. vi. 124 This practice, Pliny adds, still remains in the pontifical discipline. 1897A. Drucker tr. von Ihering's Evol. Aryans iv. v. 360 All the branches of the pontifical duties may be traced back to the original demands laid upon the technical bridge⁓makers of the migratory period.
III. 6. In reputed etymological sense: Bridge-making, bridge-building.
1667Milton P.L. x. 313 Now had they brought the work by wondrous Art Pontifical, a ridge of pendent Rock, Over the vext Abyss. 1887Ruskin Præterita II. xi. 402 The single-arched bridge..signed for sacred pontifical work by a cross high above the parapet.
B. n.
†1. A papal document or edict. Obs. rare.
c1380Wyclif Wks. (1880) 480 Alle þes pontificals ben byneþe hooly writ, so þat ȝif þey alle weren brent cristendom shulde stonde wel.
†2.
a. pl. The offices or duties of a pontifex or a pontiff.
b. The office of a pontiff, pontificate.
c. An office celebrated with pontifical ceremony. Obs.
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) IV. 405 To fullefille the ministery off pristes to the peple commenge to theyme, and notte the pontificalles [non autem pontificalia]. 1567Gude & Godlie B. (S.T.S.) 178 Thocht thow be Paip or Cardinall, Sa heich in thy Pontificall. 1621Bp. R. Montagu Diatribæ 459 Hee was..skilfull in the Romane Histories, Religion, Pontificals, and Ceremonies. 1691tr. Emilianne's Frauds Rom. Monks 217 The whole Ceremony is carried on at their own Charges, and the Feast they make is called a Pontifical. Ibid. (ed. 3) 223 She had been so extreamly satisfi'd with the Pontifical, which had been celebrated with so much Pomp and Majesty.
3. a. A bishop's or priest's robe; now always pl. the vestments and other insignia of a bishop (or of a priest): = pontificalia.
13..Leg. St. Erkenwald 130 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 269 Þe prelate in pontificals was prestly atyride. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 19 Salisbury, Norwiche, and Ely, In pontificalle arrayed richely. 1559in Reg. Episc. Aberdonensis (Spalding Cl.) I. App. 89 Item the pontificall, viz. a chesabill, 4 tunicks, 3 stols. 1660Jer. Taylor Duct. Dubit. ii. ii, For a bishop to ride on hunting in his pontificals..is against public honesty. 1774J. Adams in Fam. Lett. (1876) 37 Next morning he [an Episcopal clergyman] appeared with his clerk and in his pontificals, and read several prayers. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) I. ii. vi. 463 The archpriest robed in his most stately pontificals.
†b. A bishop's ring; also ? a ring or some ornament in imitation of this. Obs.
1507Test. Ebor. (Surtees) IV. 319 For a pontificall put upon my lordes fynger in tym of sering [= cering] xvj d. 1508Will of Joan Hampton (Somerset Ho.), A peyre of owches otherwise callid pontificalles of siluer & gilt.
4. An office-book of the Western Church, containing the forms for sacraments and other rites and ceremonies to be performed by bishops.
1584R. Scot Discov. Witchcr. xv. xxvii. (1886) 375 Certaine conjurations taken out of the pontificall and out of the missall. 1624Bp. Hall Impress of God i. Wks. 445 If euer play-booke were more ridiculous, than their Pontificall, and booke of holy Ceremonies. 1844Lingard Anglo-Sax. Ch. (1858) I. vii. 296 The pontifical of Archbishop Egbert. 1905C. E. Osborne Life Father Dolling xix. 168 The discovery of the Canons of Hippolytus, and of the Pontifical of Bishop Serapion.. has drawn attention to the primitive and Catholic character of this rite.
†5. A papal or episcopal court. Obs.
1628Gaule Pract. The. (1629) 241 Though their owne Pontificall might Conuent and Accuse, yet must anothers Tribunall Condemne and Execute.
†6.
a. A pontiff, a church dignitary.
b. Alleged name for a company of prelates.
c. An adherent of the pontiffs or prelates. Obs.
a1400Morte Arth. 4336 Relygeous reveste in theire riche copes, Pontyficalles and prelates in precyouse wedys. c1470in Hors, Shepe & G. etc. (Caxton 1479, Roxb. repr.) 31 A pontifical of prelates, a state of princes, a dignite of chanons. [Cf. pontificality 2.] 1590Greenwood in L. Bacon Genesis New Eng. Ch. vii. (1874) 125 Hence arise these schisms and sects in the Church of England;..these are hereupon called Precisians, or ‘Puritans’, and now lately ‘Martinists’. The other side are the ‘Pontificals’, that in all things hold and jump with the time, and are ready to justify whatever is or shall be by public authority.
7. Short for pontifical mass.
1923R. Seton Memories Many Yrs. 291 The most interesting of my pontificals was in San Nicola in carcere. |