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polygraphic, a. (n.)|pɒlɪˈgræfɪk|
[f. Gr. πολυγράϕ-ος polygraph n., or f. polygraphy, + -ic. So F. polygraphique.]
1. a. Writing much; voluminous or copious, as an author; treating of many subjects, as a book. rare.
1735(title) Dictionarium Polygraphicum: Or, The Whole Body of Arts Regularly Digested. (heading of text) The Polygraphick Dictionary. 1807T. Horne tr. Goede's Trav. II. 131 The polygraphic Nicolls has contrived to swell his work into 20 volumes.
†b. Pertaining to polygraphy (sense 1). Obs.
1791–1823D'Israeli Cur. Lit. (1867) 481/2 This ingenious abbot's [Trithemius] polygraphic attempts at secret writing.
2. Applied to a method of mechanically copying pictures: see polygraphy 3 a.
1788J. Booth (title) An Address to the Public on the Polygraphic Art; or the copying or multiplying Pictures, in Oil Colours, by a Chemical and Mechanical Process. 1800in Spirit Pub. Jrnls. IV. 161 These, by means of the polygraphic art, may be multiplied. 1828Landor Imag. Conv. Wks. 1853 I. 290/2 Polygraphic transparencies..to be had for next to nothing. 1864Boulton Rem. conc. Photogr. supposed of early date 8 There can..be little doubt that these pictures are specimens of the ‘polygraphic’ process.
†3. fig.
a. (in allusion to 2, or to polygraph n. 2). That is an exact copy or imitation of another. Obs.
1797–1805S. & Ht. Lee Canterb. T. V. 400 A sort of polygraphic copy of a man, that might be seen in some corner of almost every collection in London. 1824Scott St. Ronan's v, He began to doubt whether the Lady Penelope and her maidens..were not..actually polygraphic copies of the same individuals.
†b. as n. = polygraph n. 2. Obs. rare—1.
1797M. Robinson Walsingham II. 100, ‘I shall leave Bath to-morrow’, cried the polygraphic of Narcissus.
4. Of or pertaining to a polygraph (polygraph n. 1 a, 1 b); used for multiplying copies of a drawing or writing; produced, as a copy, by a polygraph.
1828Webster, Polygraphic, Polygraphical... 2. Done with a polygraph; as, a polygraphic copy or writing. 1883R. Haldane Workshop Receipts Ser. ii. 189/2 Place a sheet of damped polygraphic paper on each page.
5. Of, pertaining to, or involving a polygraph (sense 3).
1871Lancet 25 Nov. 741/2 When the capsule is pressed firmly upon the skin, the interior of the instrument is converted into a closed chamber, and every shock of the heart expels air out of the chamber into the polygraphic tambour. 1927Welfare Mag. May 667/1 The exact value of this deception technique can only be determined by..the study of all possible types of pathology associated with polygraphic reactions. 1954Reporter (N.Y.) 8 June 13/2 The fear of being found out and/or conscious efforts to deceive are the main causes of significant reactions in polygraphic tests of deception. 1972Science 29 Sept. 1205/3 Polygraphic sleep data were scored according to standardized criteria.
6. Applied to a cipher in which the letters of the plain text are enciphered or deciphered two or more at a time.
1929L. S. Hill in Amer. Math. Monthly XXXVI. 312 If polygraphic ciphers based upon normal transformations (linear ciphers) prove to be of real interest, we shall indicate a surprising way in which these ciphers may be manipulated easily and quickly. 1967D. Kahn Codebreakers xiii. 406 Such a system is genuinely polygraphic, and its cryptographic security is substantial. Ibid. 407 A polygraphic encipherment of this magnitude is possible only with a Hill transformation. 1968A. Sinkov Elem. Cryptanal. iv. 113 A system of cryptography in which a group of n plain text letters is replaced as a unit by a group of n cipher letters is called a polygraphic system.
So polyˈgraphical a. (in quot. = sense 1 b above: cf. polygrapher 1); polyˈgraphically adv., by means of a polygraph.
1588J. Harvey Disc. Probl. 65 A booteles labor, to make a special Analysis, either of their Abcedary and Alphabeticall Spels, or of their Characteristicall, and Polygraphical suttelties. 1828[see 4 above]. 1911T. Lewis Mechanism of Heart Beat v. 45 (caption) An irregularity due to premature contractions arising in the ventricle (the actual events were determined polygraphically). 1970Psychophysiol. VII. 323/1 Plasma samples were obtained from 4 infants during four behavioral states..monitored polygraphically. |