| 释义 |
▪ I. polder1|ˈpəʊldə(r)|
Also 7 polther.
[a. Du. polder, MDu. polre, polder; so EFris. polder, poller.]
A piece of low-lying land reclaimed from the sea, a lake, or a river, from which it is protected by dikes: so called in the Netherlands; rarely used of similar land in other countries.
1604E. Grimstone Hist. Siege Ostend 3 The Polder (so they call a..field wonne from the sea or riuer). 1632Contn. Weekly Newes 25 July 8 (Stanf.) They did cut the dikes and drowned the enemies polther..and put all vnder water. a1669Somner Rom. Ports & Forts Kent (1693) 65 The soil is moorish, boggy and fenny, such as our Ancestors have usually called Polder:..i.e. a marish fenn, a meadow by the shore side, a field drain'd or gain'd from a river or the sea, and inclosed with banks. 1762tr. Busching's Syst. Geog. III. 484 Several of them [lakes] have been drained and dyked under the name of Polders. 1839W. Chambers Tour Holland 39/1 When the superincumbent mass has been entirely removed, the cleared space becomes a fertile polder. 1861Smiles Engineers I. i. iv. 66. 1894 Westm. Gaz. 31 Mar. 8/1 Much of the asparagus eaten in London is grown in the polders reclaimed from the sea near Mont St. Michel.
b. attrib. and Comb., as polder-land; polder-boy, polder-man, a labourer employed in making polders. (All in reference to Holland.)
1873W. K. Sullivan O'Curry's Anc. Irish I. Introd. 212 The privileges of the Abbey of St. Pierre of Ghent of about the year 830 mention the existence of a partnership..for the working of some polder-land. 1884G. H. Boughton in Harper's Mag. Aug. 338/1 Little scattered hamlets of the fisher people and the polder-men. 1895Westm. Gaz. 13 Apr. 6/1 This particular form of labour requires skilled navvies (polderboys we call them).
▪ II. † polder2 Obs. or dial.
[Corruption of poller, variant of pollard.]
A pollard tree.
1704Dict. Rust., Pollders, are old Trees usually lopped, of which see Shrowding of Trees. 1736Ainsworth Lat. Dict. i, Polders (old trees lopped), arbores cæduæ. 1902Westm. Gaz. 7 Aug. 1/3 A canal fringed with polders.
▪ III. polder, -dyr
obs. ff. powder. |