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plaster of Paris
Also 6 Paris plaster.
[See plaster n. 3.]
a. A fine white plaster, consisting of gypsum rendered anhydrous by calcination, which swells and rapidly sets when mixed with water, and hence is used for making moulds and casts, as a cement, etc.; so called because prepared from the gypsums of Montmartre, Paris.
αc1462Wright's Chaste Wife 86 The chambyr he lett make fast, Wyth plaster of parys þat wyll last. 1577Harrison England ii. xii. (1877) i. 235 Parget of fine alabaster burned, which they call plaster of Paris. 1579Puttenham Partheniade in Eng. Poesie iii. xix. (Arb.) 251 Her bosome sleake as Paris plaster, Helde vp two balles of alabaster. 1787M. Cutler in Life, etc. (1888) I. 279 There are several Casts, done in Plaster of Paris. 1894Labour Commission Gloss., Plaster of Paris, a composition of several species of gypsum dug near Montmartre, near Paris... This term is, however, frequently applied to plaster stone, or to any species of gypsum.
β [1387: see plaster n. 3 β.] 1516Maldon, Essex, Liber B. lf. 84 b, Paied for iii busshellis of playster of paris price the busshell viiid. 1658W. Sanderson Graphice 80 The quality of this plaister of Paris, is to bind the Colours together. 1705Hearne Collect. 15 Oct. (O.H.S.) I. 56 Wood's Head [is] taken in Plaister de Paris. 1803Med. Jrnl. X. 72 The drawing was taken from a cast in plaister of Paris.
attrib.1753Hogarth Anal. Beauty x. 108 It was drawn from a plaster-of-Paris figure cast off nature. 1831Brewster Optics ii. 17 A plaister of Paris statue strongly illuminated. 1879St. George's Hosp. Rep. IX. 615 The limb was then bandaged to a splint, and enclosed in a plaster-of-Paris case.
b. U.S. Formerly used as a top-dressing for soils.
1787G. Washington Diary 10 June (1925) III. 222 We rid to the farm of one Jones, to see the effect of the plaister of Paris, which appeared obviously great. 1810W. Thornton Let. 22 June in J. Steele Papers (1924) II. 627 Salt can be brought up the river in sufficient quantity, & plaister of paris if necessary to give a good coat of white clover on the soil. |