| 释义 |
planisphere|ˈplænɪsfɪə(r)|
Also 4 planisperie; 6–7 -spheare, 7 -sphaer, -sphare.
[In ME. form planisperie, ad. med.L. plānisphærium, f. L. plān-us flat, plane + sphæra, Gr. σϕαῖρα sphere; in form planisphere, a. OF. planisphère.]
A map or chart formed by the projection of a sphere, or part of one, on a plane; now esp. a polar projection of half (or more of) the celestial sphere, as in one form of the astrolabe.
[1144Planisphærium Ptolomæi [Incipit] Rodvlphi Brvghensis ad Theodorichum Platonicum in traductionem planisphærij Claudij Ptolomæi Prefatio. ]1390Gower Conf. III. 134 Gebuz and Alpetragus eke Of Planisperie [v.r. palmestrie], which men seke, The bokes made. 1571Digges Pantom. i. xxix. I ij b, Being brought to his due place the crosse diameters of the Planisphere may demonstrate the foure principall quarters of the Horizon. 1594Blundevil Exerc. vi. (1636) 598 Astrolabe..is called of some a Planispheare, because it is both flat and round, representing the Globe or Spheare, having both his Poles clapt flat together. 1625N. Carpenter Geog. Del. i. vii. (1635) 174 The planispheare is a table or mappe of two faces whereon the lines are proiected circularly. 1678Phil. Trans. XII. 1027, I am at present making a silver Planisphere of two foot diameter for the King; the Invention of that famous Astronomer..Mr. Cassini. 1828W. Irving Columbus (1848) I. 128 The globe or planisphere finished by Martin Behem..furnishes an idea of what the chart of Columbus must have been. 1862Sir G. C. Lewis Astron. Ancients iv. i. 208 He [Hipparchus] had drawn a planisphere according to the stereographic projection. 1905A. B. Grimaldi (title) Catalogue of Zodiacs and Planispheres, ancient and modern.
b. revolving planisphere: a device consisting of a polar projection of the whole of the heavens visible in a particular latitude, covered by a card with an elliptical opening, which can be adjusted so as to show the part of the heavens visible at a given time.
1887Pall Mall G. 24 Oct. 6/1 An ingenious arrangement called a Planisphere, upon which the stars for any evening of the year are, by turning a circle, brought into view. 1891Athenæum 3 Oct. 457/1 An ingeniously constructed ‘Revolving Planisphere.
c. astrolabe planisphere: see astrolabe (b).
1872Skeat Chaucer's Astrol. Pref. 32 The term ‘astrolabe’..in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries..was restricted to the particular kind called the ‘Astrolabe Planisphere’, or astrolabe on a flat surface.
Hence planispheral |-ˈsfɪərəl|, planispheric |-ˈsfɛrɪk|, planiˈspherical adjs., of the nature of or pertaining to a planisphere.
a1646J. Gregory Maps & Charts Posthuma (1650) 311 In measuring the Distances of Places there is no great trust to bee had to any Planispherical Projection whatsoever. 1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 373/1 A Meridian Spherical Dial [is] of some termed a Planisphearal Sun-Dial. 1856W. H. Morley (title) Description of a Planispheric Astrolabe constructed for Sháh Sultán Husain Safawí. 1884Nature 12 June 161/1 Suggestions for a planispheric representation of the cerebral convolutions. |