| 释义 |
▪ I. pinfold, n.|ˈpɪnfəʊld|
Forms: α. 2 pund fald, (3 L. punfaudum), 4 ponfold(e, pondfolde, poundfalde, 5 pundfald Sc., 6 punfolde, punfauld Sc., 9 (dial.) punfaud. β. 4–7 pynfold, 5 -fald, pynd(e)fold(e, 5–6 pynfolde, 6 pinnefolde, pynfoalde, 6–7 pinfolde, -fould, 8 (dial.) pinfald, pindfold, 9 (dial.) pinfaud, pinfowd, -fowt, 6– pinfold.
[Late OE. pundfald (in 12th c. MS., but doubtless earlier), f. *pund, pound n.2 + fald, fold n.2; thence the ME. forms in pun(d-, pound-, pond-, retained in Sc. to 16th c. and in north Eng. dial. to 19th c. But from c 1400 the first element was associated with the verb pyndan, pind, and perhaps with pin v. Cf. also penfold.]
1. A place for confining stray or distrained cattle, horses, sheep, etc.; a pound; in later use, sometimes, a fold for sheep, cattle, etc.
αa1200Spurious Charter of Edgar (dated 961) in Birch Cart. Sax. III. 309 Of þam putte on hacan pund fold, of hacan pund falde oþ eft on þæt efer fearn. 1235–52Rentalia Glaston. (Som. Rec. Soc.) 191 Et facit punfaudum. c1450Holland Howlat 783 The pundar..Had pyndit all his pryss horss in a pundfald. 1574Reg. Privy Council Scot. II. 417 Putting of the saidis gudis in ane unlauchfull punfauld. 1579Mem. St. Giles, Durham (Surtees) 1 Payde to Rycharde Robinson one day for maykyn clene the punfolde. 1825Brockett N.C. Gloss., Pun-faud or pin-faud.
β1408Nottingham Rec. II. 64 Willelmus Whytehals pro fractione pyndfold. 14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 590/12 Interclusorium, a pyndefolde. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §148 Yf thy horse breake his tedure..than cometh the pynder & taketh hym & putteth hym in the pynfolde. 1589Pappe w. Hatchet E j b, I thinke them woorth..for their scabbednes to bee thrust from the pinfolde. 1628Coke On Litt. 47 b, He that distraines anything that hath life, must impound them..in a pinfold. 1664Butler Hud. ii. ii. 200 But to confine the Bad and Sinful, Like Moral Cattle, in a Pinfold. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 439 They resort to the caves..where they sleep in crowds like sheep in a pinfold. 1899A. White Mod. Jew Introd. 10 In the..ten provinces of Poland..the Jews are confined as in a pinfold. 1903Eng. Dial. Dict., Pinfold..2. An enclosure for sheep, a sheepfold. [Leicester to Suffolk.]
2. transf. and fig. A place of confinement; a pen; a trap; a spiritual ‘fold’.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. v. 633 Heo hath hulpe a þousande oute of þe deueles ponfolde [v.rr. pond-, pun-, pounfolde, pynfold]. Ibid. xvi. 264 Oute of þe poukes pondfolde [v.rr. ponfold, pynfold; C. poundfalde, pynfold] no meynprise may vs fecche. 1549Compl. Scot. xi. 99 Thai hed the romans in that pundfald, quhar thai culd nothir fecht nor fle. 1634Milton Comus 7 Confin'd, and pester'd in this pin-fold here. c1750J. Nelson Jrnl. 41 You are gone out of the highway of holiness, and have now got into the devil's pinfold. 1863Cowden Clarke Shaks. Char. viii. 211 The restraining of all dissentients within their own pinfold.
▪ II. pinfold, v.|ˈpɪnfəʊld|
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To shut up or enclose in a pinfold; to pound; hence fig. to confine within narrow limits.
1605T. Hutton Reasons for Refusal 61 Take heede, howe they pinfold the worde (faith) in this or that sense after their owne private imagination. 1673[R. Leigh] Transp. Reh. 124 They exercise a petty royalty in pinfolding cattle. 1785[W. Hutton] Bran New Wark 38 If our nebbour's stot or stirk break into'th fog, let us net pinfald it. 1836Landor Pericles & Asp. Wks. 1846 II. 394/2 My name..is a difficult..one to pinfold in a tombstone. |