| 释义 |
Pictish, a. and n.|ˈpɪktɪʃ|
[f. Pict n. + -ish.]
A. adj. Of or pertaining to the Picts or their language (or languages).
1710R. Sibbald Hist. Fife & Kinross i. ii. 3 Both in Bertius his excellent Edition and the late Map of Gale, it [sc. Votadini] is read Vacomagi, and the Greek in both these answer to Vacomagi, which by the by..doth much confirm Mr. Robert Maule his Ratio nominis Veach, Pictus, since in Veach here, and in Wauchopdale in the South..the Pictish Veach appears to be the rise of both these Words. 1762Bp. Forbes Jrnl. (1886) 140 Abernethie, where is a Church and Steeple, reckoned to be Pictish work. 1840Penny Cycl. XVIII. 148/2 Their language appears to have nearly resembled the Welsh. One Pictish word only has been expressly mentioned by any old writer, Peanvahel. 1868W. F. Skene Four Ancient Bks. of Wales I. viii. 130 In the fifth, the Pictish duiper and the Gaelic saoibher are the same word. 1884Queen Victoria More Leaves 274 The old fortress..is supposed to have belonged to the Pictish Kings. 1892J. Rhys in Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scotl. XXVI. 310 Lastly, Pictish enn is to be found in some instances where the Celtic stem is usually made to end..in on. 1946T. F. O'Rahilly Early Irish Hist. & Mythol. 369 Compare Celt. vroiko- giving Pictish *vrōg, whence..Sc. fròg, ‘a fen’. 1955K. H. Jackson in F. T. Wainwright Probl. Picts vi. 142 Forcus at St Vigeans is the exact Gaelic equivalent of Pictish Uurguist.
B. n. The language (or languages) of the Picts.
Pictish is evidenced only in a few proper names, inscriptions, and glosses, and its affliations have been much disputed. The view most widely accepted now is that expressed by K. H. Jackson in F. T. Wainwright The Problem of the Picts (1955) 152: ‘There were at least two languages current in northern Scotland before the coming of the Irish Gaels in the fifth century. One of them was a Gallo-Brittonic dialect not identical with the British spoken south of the Antonine Wall, though related to it. The other was not Celtic at all, nor apparently even Indo-European, but was presumably the speech of some very early set of inhabitants of Scotland.’
1857W. Reeves Life St. Columba 62/2 This case saves that recorded in ii. 32, infra, from being ‘a solitary allusion to the diversity of Gaelic and Pictish’. 1868W. F. Skene Four Ancient Bks. of Wales I. viii. 138, I consider, therefore, that Pictish was a low Gaelic dialect... Old Scottish..was the high Gaelic dialect, and Pictish the low Gaelic dialect. 1891W. Stokes in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1888–90 417 The foregoing list of names and other words contains much that is still obscure; but on the whole it shows that Pictish, so far as regards its vocabulary, is an Indo-European and especially Celtic speech. Its phonetics, so far as we can ascertain them, resemble those of Welsh rather than of Irish. 1892J. Rhys in Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scotl. XXVI. 307 Pictish being, as I take it, a non-Aryan language. 1923J. Fraser Hist. & Etym. 15 Rhys's view that Pictish was a non-Indogermanic language involves the same fallacy as the view that it was Goidelic or Brythonic. 1946T. F. O'Rahilly Early Irish Hist. & Mythol. 353 The preponderant opinion of modern scholarship is that Pictish was a Celtic language, different from both British and Goidelic, but decidedly more akin to the former than to the latter. 1955K. H. Jackson in F. T. Wainwright Probl. Picts vi. 134 We seem to find it implied or clearly stated by contemporary and almost contemporary writers that Pictish was a separate speech of its own, identical neither with the Gaelic of Scotland and Ireland nor with Brittonic. 1963N. K. Chadwick Celtic Brit. i. 20 In Scotland the royal Pictish families seem to have spoken Pictish as late as the ninth century. 1976C. F. & F. M. Voegelin Classification World's Lang. (1977) 104 [Goidelic = Q-Celtic] Pictish. Formerly spoken in Scotland but not necessarily as a Celtic language. |