| 释义 |
archi-, prefix|ˌɑːkɪ-|
a. L. archi-, Gr. ἀρχι-: see arch-. This form of the prefix is retained in words taken in modern times from Gr. or L., directly or through mod.Fr., and in compounds formed on the model of these. Hence it is sometimes found in the adjectives, etc. belonging to substantives, which, from their earlier introduction, have themselves the form arch-, as archdeacon, archidiaconal, archbishop, archiepiscopal. Some words have both forms, as archi-presbyter, arch-presbyter.
1. = arch-; chief, principal, first in authority or order.
a. in ns., as ‖ archidiˈdascalus [latinized f. Gr. ἀρχι-διδάσκαλος], head-master of a school; whence archididaˈscalian, -ine, a., of a headmaster; † archiguˈbernacy [L. archigubernus chief pilot], office of governor-in-chief; archi-master, see archemaster; archi-tyˈpographer [mod.L. architypographus in Laudian Statutes], chief printer, superintendent of printing office. So † archibellows (nonce-wd.), archi-table.
b. in adjs., as archidiaconal, archiepiscopal, etc.; also archi-heretical, archi-prelatical, archi-supreme, archi-symbolical.
1599James I Basil. Doron (1682) 69 Buchanan's or Knoxe's Chronicles..these *archibellouses of rebellion.
1811Parr Wks. 1828 VII. 440 The long exercise of petty *Archididascalian authority.
1881Athenæum 15 Jan. 93/2 Beneath the clerical and *archididascaline roof.
1844Sir J. Stephen Eccl. Biogr. (1850) II. 367 The responsible office of *Archididascalus. 1865Staunton Gt. Sch. Eng. Westm. ii. 133 Two masters styled respectively *Archididascalus and Hypodidascalus.
1665Surv. Aff. Netherl. 231 They did that at the Sea by an *Archigubernacy, or chief Governour and Admiral.
1721Bailey, *Archiheretical, false in the highest and most dangerous degree.
1637Bastwick Ld. Bishops i. A iiij, *Archiprelaticall Iurisdiction is grounded upon Canon and Positive Law.
1813G. Edwards Meas. True Policy 63 Arranged under the Supreme Administrative, as *archi⁓supreme.
1660Jer. Taylor Worthy Commun. i. §21 The Divinest and *Archisymbolical feast.
1842Mrs. Gore Fascin. 48 The pedigree to be deposited upon the *architable of the king.
a1672Wood Life (1848) 172 n., Dr. F..would not suffer him to execute the place of *architypographer.
2. In Biol. and Anthrop., meaning ‘archetypal’ or ‘primitive’: as archiˈnephron, the primitive kidney, whence archiˈnephric a.; archipteˈrygium, the primitive fin or wing, whence archipteˈrygian a. Also archiˈlithic, archiˈzoic: see archæo-.
1880Huxley Cray-Fish iv. 211 The primitive alimentary apparatus or archenteron. 1878Bell Gegenbauer's Anat. 603 The most anterior end of the archinephric duct. 1878Green Coal iv. 146 The archipterygian type is not plainly visible in such a limb. 1879tr. Haeckel's Evol. Man II. xv. 9 The Primordial, Archizoic, or Archilithic Epoch. |