| 释义 |
Philadelphian, a. and n.|fɪləˈdɛlfɪən|
[In sense 1, f. Gr. ϕιλαδελϕία brotherly love (f. ϕιλάδελϕος loving one's brother or sister, f. philo- + ἀδελϕός brother, ἀδελϕή sister) + -an; in sense 2 in part, and in 3, 4, f. Gr. ϕιλαδέλϕεια, Philadelphia (i.e. the city of Ptolemy Philadelphus).]
A. adj.
1. Brother-loving; loving the brethren.
1615Byfield Exp. Coloss. i. 10 We must get that philanthropian love of men into our hearts, but especially philadelphian, the love of the brethren. 1868Sat. Rev. 13 June 778/2 His unfortunate brother must..suffer for the blasphemous philadelphian piety of his profane advocate.
2. Of or pertaining to the Philadelphians: see B. 2, and cf. Rev. iii. 7–13.
1693Beverley True St. Gosp. Truth Pref. A ij, That Philadelphian State, to which Christ hath opened a Door, which none can shut. 1697(title) State of Philadelphian Society. Ibid. 5 Where are these Pillars of the Philadelphian Temple? 1764A. Maclaine tr. Mosheim's Eccl. Hist. (1844) II. 282/2 A notion that her [Jane Leadley's] Philadelphian society was the true kingdom of Christ. 1874J. H. Blunt Dict. Sects, etc. (1886) s.v., The Philadelphian Society contributed largely to the spread of that mystical piety which is so conspicuous in the works of..William Law, and which affected in no small degree the early stages of Methodism.
3. Of or pertaining to the ancient city of Philadelphia, to Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, or to any other place of the name.
1775Short View of Lord High Admiral's Jurisdiction 35 A Philadelphian ship might be tried with a fairer chance of condemnation at Halifax than at Philadelphia. 1855H. A. Murray Lands of Slave & Free I. xiv. 360 The only peculiarity in the Philadelphian mint is a frame-work for counting the number of pieces coined. 1930R. Macaulay Staying with Relations i. 14 She loved her little Philadelphian aunt. 1975Country Life 2 Jan. 21/3 Rococco mirrors and girandoles attributed to the Philadelphia craftsman James Reynolds... The majority of the other pieces in the house are also Philadelphian.
4. Of or pertaining to Ptolemy Philadelphus.
B. n.
1. (See quot.)
1656Blount Glossogr., Philadelphia, a womans name, and signifies brotherly or sisterly love. And lovers of Brothers or Sisters, are stiled Philadelphians.
2. (pl.) A religious society or party organized in England towards the end of the 17th c. under the name of the Philadelphian Society.
The name appears to have combined a reference to the sense of the Gr. ϕιλαδελϕία brotherly love, with one to the church of Philadelphia, Gr. ϕιλαδέλϕεια, in Rev. iii. 7–13.
1693Beverley True St. Gosp. Truth Pref. A ij, That..none should take their Crown, who are true Philadelphians. 1697Princ. Philadelphians 1 There has lately appeared in England..a Sect or certain number of People, who attribute to themselves an extraordinary Sanctity... They seem to derive themselves from a Sect long since started up..the Family of Love, now stiling themselves Philadelphians, or the little Virgin Church of Philadelphia. a1700B. E. Dict. Cant. Crew, Philadelphians, a new Sect of Enthusiasts, pretenders to Brotherly Love. 1710Steele & Addison Tatler No. 257 ⁋10. 1860 J. Gardner Faiths World II. 654/2 A small body of Philadelphians existed for a short time also in Holland.
3. a. A native or inhabitant of the ancient city of Philadelphia in Asia Minor.
1725E. Comte tr. Huet's Weakness of Human Understanding 117 Herodotus, the Tutor of Sextus Chaeronensis, was a Philadelphian. 1904W. M. Ramsay Lett. Seven Churches xviii. 249 The writer seems not to have loved the Ephesians as he did the Smyrnaeans and Philadelphians.
b. A native or inhabitant of the city of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania.
1744A. Hamilton Itinerarium (1907) 164, I dined with Mr. Fletcher in the company of two Philadelphians. 1789J. Morse Amer. Geogr. 332 The Philadelphians have exerted their endeavours..to prevent the intemperate use of spirituous liquors. 1803Lit. Mag. (Philadelphia) Dec. 170 A Philadelphian..told us, he could not, after repeated trials, find a chaise. 1841J. S. Buckingham America II. 84 The Philadelphians have the reputation of being cold, formal, and difficult of approach. 1891L. J. Jennings Philadelphian I. i. 11 The reputation of Mr. Snapper for integrity stood deservedly high, and in entrusting his capital to the hands of the Philadelphian, Pendleton incurred no more than the ordinary and legitimate risks of commercial affairs. 1901Chambers's Jrnl. Jan. 31/2 One enterprising Philadelphian has been trying to form a Snake Trust. 1947Harper's Mag. Sept. 200/2 The Proper Bostonian is a very well-defined type—more so..than the Proper Baltimorean, the Proper Philadelphian, or the Proper person of any other city. 1976Amer. Speech 1974 XLIX. 213 The Philadelphian is also judged the richest and least friendly of the group and seventh in politeness. 1977Sci. Amer. Nov. 30/2 Redheffer took his device to New York (but only after the ingenious Philadelphians had made up and showed him their own perpetual-motion machine).
Hence Philaˈdelphianism (from sense 2).
1697State Philadelph. Soc. 5 If You please to read the Charter of Philadelphianism in the Epistle to that Church. |