| 释义 |
Paul|pɔːl|
Also 4 Poul, Poule; gen. 4 Powlys, 4–6 Poules, 5–7 Paules, 6 Pawles, Powlles, 6–7 Powles, 6–8 Pauls, 7– Paul's.
[a. OF. Pol, mod.F. Paul = It. Paolo, Sp. Pablo:—L. Paulum, in nom. Paulus.]
1. The English form of the Latin personal name Paulus, well known as that of the ‘Apostle of the Gentiles’ (Acts xiii. 9). Used in proverbial phrases in conjunction with Peter, q.v.
2. [tr. It. Paolo, Paul.] The paolo, an obsolete Italian silver coin, worth about fivepence sterling.
1767Sterne Tr. Shandy IX. xxiv, I paid five Pauls for two hard eggs. 1854Lowell Jrnl. in Italy Pr. Wks. 1890 I. 191 You give the custode a paul for showing you the wolf that suckled Romulus and Remus.
3. a. Paul Pry: name of a very inquisitive character in a U.S. song of 1820; often used allusively (also attrib.).
1829Macaulay Southey's Colloq. Soc. Ess. (1887) 118 The magistrate..ought to be a perfect jack-of-all-trades..a Paul Pry in every house, spying, eaves-dropping, relieving, admonishing [etc.]. a1845Hood Tale of Trumpet xi, She had much of the spirit that lies Perdu in a notable set of Paul Prys. 1870M. Bridgman Rob. Lynne II. i. 4 It will cure her of her Paul-Pry tricks. 1882Encycl. Brit. XIV. 695/2 Paul Pry,..always his [Liston's] most popular part, soon became to many a real personage. 1897Pall Mall Mag. Nov. 311 Some of the Paul Prys of the parish had intercepted the flyman. 1928E. Wallace Double xiii. 208 There are lots of quiet little nooks and places where a fellow can sit without a lot of Paul Prys seeing him. 1934Sun (Baltimore) 27 Apr. 12/2 The Senate's theory that the way to enforce the tax laws is to give the Paul Prys of every community access to the private details of every man's gross and net income. 1956H. G. de Lisser Cup & Lip ix. 109 It would be ruinous to a doctor to be known as a paul pry. 1978H. C. Rae Sullivan i. ii. 24 Twenty-five thousand dollars?.. It's the going rate for a quiet investigation, a straight Paul Pry?
b. Hence Paul-Pry v. intr., to behave like Paul Pry; to be impertinently inquisitive or prying; also Paul-Prying vbl. n.; Paul Pryism, the conduct of a Paul Pry.
1839Marryat Diary Amer. Ser. i. I. 110 Others mounting..and Paul Prying into the bed-room windows. 1865H. Kingsley Hillyars & Burtons xxx, Who the deuce are you, cross-questioning and Paul-Prying? 1927Daily Express 6 Oct. 8/2 These restrictions were imposed during the war... Their maintenance to-day is simply part of that fussy Paul Pryism which covers the State with ridicule. 1960Times 4 Mar. 13/7 The straitest champion of marital fidelity would, surely, not defend such monstrous Paul Prying.
†4. Paul's: popular name of St. Paul's Cathedral in London; in 16–17th c. a favourite resort of loungers, gossips, etc. Obs. (Now always St. Paul's.) Hence attrib. in Paul's Alley, Paul's Chain, now London lanes, Paul's Cross, etc.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xiii. 65 Þis freke bifor þe den of poules Preched of penaunces. [1393Ibid. C. xvi. 70 At seint paules by-for þe peuple what penaunce þei suffreden.] a1460Gregory's Chron. (Camden) 98 Powlys Crosse. The whiche was pronounsyd at Powlys Crosse. 1573Baret Alv. To Rdr., The right Worshipfull M. Nowell, Deane of Pawles. 1579W. Wilkinson Confut. Familye of Loue 29 b, Protesting the truth of HN. his bookes openly at Paules crosse. 1596Shakes. 1 Hen. IV, ii. iv. 576 This oyly Rascall is knowne as well as Poules. 1597― 2 Hen. IV, i. ii. 58, I bought him in Paules. 1613― Hen. VIII, v. iv. 16 We may as well push against Powles as stirre 'em. 1613Middleton Triumphs of Truth B ij, The Angell and Zeale..conduct him to Pauls⁓chaine. c1645Howell Lett. (1655) IV. 83 While you adorn your Churches there, we destroy them here: Among other, poor Pouls looks like a great Skeleton... Truly I think nor Turk or Tartar..would have us'd Pauls in that manner.
5. Paul Jones [the name of John Paul Jones (1747–92), Scottish-born naval officer noted for his victories for the Americans during the War of Independence]: a ballroom dance during which the dancers change partners after circling in concentric rings of men and women. Also attrib. and fig.
1920Atlantic Monthly July 89/1 The whole sprightly, smiling, hand-clapping population seems engaged in one vast ‘Paul Jones’..with no one..refusing to join the dance. 1934Punch 14 Feb. 174/1 There was nothing doing in the matter of Paul Joneses, from which even the most emphatic protestations could not give us release. 1938Times 10 Jan. 10/4 The ‘party’ began with ‘I've been to Harlem’, a change-partner dance of the ‘Paul Jones’ type sung to the pure English harvest-home tune, ‘I've been to France and I've been to Dover’. 1942M. Dickens One Pair of Feet vii. 147 A blond A.C.2 whom I had picked up in the Paul Jones. 1958L. Durrell Balthazar xiii. 233 But now the band had begun to play a Paul Jones (perhaps the very dance in which Arnauti first met Justine?). 1967Times Rev. Industry May 58/3 Driving a private car is often a death-defying Paul Jones with an endless succession of lorries. 1972V. Canning Rainbird Pattern iv. 66 Harriet..was seduced in the back of the officer's car while Grace was dancing a Paul Jones.
6. Phrases and Combinations with Paul's: Paul's betony (erron. St. Paul's betony), name for a species of Veronica, the Wood Speedwell (V. officinalis), described by Paulus ægineta as a betony; improperly applied to V. serpyllifolia; † Paul's foot, a lineal foot, the standard of which was the foot of Algar carved on the base of a column of old St. Paul's, London (Gent. Mag. July 1852, 57); † Paul's man (see quot.); Paul's pigeon (see quot. a 1661); † St. Paul's tide, the season about the festival of the Conversion of St. Paul (Jan. 25); † Paul's walk, the nave of St. Paul's Cathedral as a resort of loungers, newsmongers, etc. in 16th and 17th c.; so † Paul's-walker, one who frequented St. Paul's as a lounger or gossip; † Paul's-walking a.; † Paul's work, (?) botched work, a ‘mess’.
1548Turner Names of Herbes 19 Betonica Pauli aeginete..maye be called in englishe *Paules betony or wodde Peny ryal. 1551― Herbal i. F iv b, Paulis betony is myche dyfferyng from Dioscorides betony, as Paulus witnesseth hys selfe. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. ii. vi. 101 Betonica Pauli, or Pauls Betony, hereof the people have some conceit in reference to S. Paul, whereas indeed that name is derived from Paulus ægineta, an ancient Physitian of ægina. 1879Prior Plant-n. (ed. 3) 178 Paul's Betony,..Veronica serpyllifolia. 1886Britten & Holland Plant-n., Paul's Betony, Veronica officinalis.
[1419Liber Albus (Rolls) I. 279 Paiement..vii pees et demy en longur, et de le pee de Seint Poul.] 1442Rolls of Parliament V. 44/1 The seide newe brigge so to be made with a draght lef contenyng the space of iiii fete called *Paules fete in brede. 1447Will of Sharyngton (Somerset Ho.), Height of two poules fete.
1616B. Jonson Ev. Man in Hum. Dram. Pers., Cap. Bobadill, a *Paules-man. 1816Gifford B. Jonson's Wks. I. 6 note, A Paul's man, i.e. a frequenter of the middle aisle of St. Paul's cathedral, the common resort of cast captains, sharpers, gulls, and gossipers.
a1661Fuller Worthies, London (1811) II. 65 One of St. Anthonies Pigs therein (so were the Scholars of that School commonly called, as those of St. Paul's, *Paul's Pigeons) [cf. Stow Surv. (1603) 75].
1701Lond. Gaz. No. 3718/4 The Fairs held at the City of Bristol at St. James-Tide, and at St. *Pauls-Tide.
1628Earle Microcosm. (Arb.) 73 *Pauls Walke is the Lands Epitome.
1658Osborn Jas. I Wks. (1673) 477 Edward Wimark the *Pauls-walker.
Ibid. Index 20 The *Pauls-walking News-mongers—report Northumberland too..intimate with P. Henry.
1602Dekker Satiromast. Wks. 1873 I. 212 And when he had done, made *Poules worke of it. 1620in Court & T. Jas. I (1848) II. 203 But I doubt, when all is done, it will prove, as they say Paul's work. 1673S'too him Bayes 15 But I must dispatch, for I see He's making Paul's work on't already. |