| 释义 |
‖ panchshila|pɑːnˈʃiːlə|
Also panchsheel, panchsila, and as two words.
[Hindī and Skr., f. panch five, shila foundation.]
The five principles of peaceful relations formulated between India and China (and, by extension, other communist countries).
The five principles, stated in the preamble of a treaty signed by India and China in April 1954, are: 1. Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty. 2. Non-aggression. 3. Non-interference in each other's internal affairs. 4. Equality and mutual benefit. 5. Peaceful co-existence.
1955Times 18 July 7/5 After analysing the popular enthusiasm in Russia over the Nehru visit, the newspaper [sc. Times of India] says, ‘It would be foolish, even dangerous, to work oneself up into a frenzy of apocalyptic fervour and hail those who hailed our Prime Minister as comrades good and true demonstrating in their mammoth enthusiasm the resolve to march in step to the golden melody of Panchshila.’ 1958Times 4 July 9/3 India tried to act upon the principles of panchsila, and did not wish to interfere in other people's affairs. 1959Manch. Guardian 15 Aug. 5/4 China has slapped India's face, and the Panchshilas (the ‘five principles of co⁓existence’) have popped. 1961Economist 2 Dec. 939/2 India was drawing up the Panch Shila—the five principles of peaceful co-existence—with the Chinese. 1965J. Nehru in A. Appadorai Documents Political Thought (1976) II. 739 Panchsheel has begun to acquire a specific meaning and significance in world affairs. 1967L. J. Kavic India's Quest for Security iii. 59 On 1 August 1955, a joint communiqué issued in Kathmandu by representatives of the Nepalese and Chinese governments declared that an agreement had been reached which affirmed panch sheel as the basis of Sino-Nepalese relations. 1978L. Heren Growing up on The Times v. 178 Despite the Indian name, the panchsila were of Chinese origin, and were written into the preamble of the Sino-Indian Tibetan Treaty on the instance of Peking. |