| 释义 |
‖ pallium|ˈpælɪəm|
Pl. pallia.
[L. pallium: see pall n.1]
1. Antiq. The Latin name for the large rectangular cloak or mantle worn by men, chiefly among the Greeks; esp. by philosophers, and by ascetics and others in the early Christian Church. (= Gr. ἱµάτιον, himation.)
1564Brief Exam. ****** iiij, Paule..sent for his Pallium. 1596Spenser State Irel. Wks. (Globe) 630/2 The Greekes..afterwardes..chaunged the forme therof into their cloakes, called Pallia, as some of the Irish also doe. 1766Smollett Trav. xxviii. II. 61 He is larger than the life, cloathed in a magnificent pallium. 1850A. Jameson Sacr. & Leg. Art 44 Except in the wings and short pallium they resemble the figures of Grecian kings.
2. Eccl.
a. The woollen vestment conferred upon archbishops in the Latin Church: = pall n.1 6 a.
1670R. Lassels Voy. Italy i. 227 Whose Bishop hath the ensignes of an Archbishop, to wit, the vse of the Pallium, and the Crosse. 1807Coxe Austria I. ii. 23 In order to receive the confirmation of his office, and the pallium from the hands of the Pope. 1851Hussey Papal Power iii. 133 The first recorded instance of a grant of the pallium, the consecrated scarf, which was the badge and certificate of Metropolitan authority. 1874Green Short Hist. vii. §2. 359 Whatever had been his part in the schism, Cranmer had received his Pallium from the Pope.
b. An altar-cloth: = pall n.1 3 a.
1865Kingsley Herew. xxvi, The altar was bare; the golden pallium which covered it gone.
3.
†a. Anat. (See quot.) Obs.
1793Holcroft Lavater's Physiog. x. 60 Anatomists have not..bestowed any name on the curtain, or pallium, extending from the beginning of the nose to the red upper lip proper.
b. Zool. The integumental fold or mantle of a mollusc (or of a brachiopod).
1872Nicholson Palæont. 201 The inner surface of the valves..is lined by expansions of the integument which secrete the shell,..called the ‘lobes’ of the ‘pallium’ or ‘mantle’. 1880Bastian Brain 85 These same contractions of the pallium are also subservient.
c. Ornith. The mantle of a bird, i.e. the back and folded wings taken together, when distinct in colouring, etc. (rare.)
d. Anat. The wall of the cerebral hemispheres (including, in mod. use, the rhinencephalon). Cf. archi-, neo-, and palæopallium.
1890Jrnl. Anat. & Physiol. XXV. 106 When the surface of a cerebral hemisphere is carefully examined, it is seen to be capable of a natural division into two parts: a basal region, or Rhinencephalon, and a superior portion, or Pallium. 1901Ibid. XXXV. 442 And His..freely admits that the rhinal fissure is the line of demarcation between the ‘pallium’ and the ‘rhinencephalon’. 1934L. B. Arey Developmental Anat. (ed. 3) xv. 414 The telencephalon consists of three regional parts. One is the corpus striatum... The second division is the rhinencephalon, or archipallium, while the remainder of the hemisphere makes up the neopallium. The last two portions comprise all of the externally visible hemispheres, and together may be called the pallium. 1948A. Brodal Neurol. Anat. 323 It is only in mammals that the dorsal cortex undergoes a marked development, and increases progressively in the phylogenetic ascent, to reach its peak of development in man, in whom it forms the bulk of the entire pallium. 1972Jrnl. Neurochem. XIX. 2031 During the last third of the gestational period, the cerebral pallium of the rabbit develops from a primitive vesicle with a total weight of about 100 mg to a highly organised structure 10 times as large.
4. Meteorol. A sheet of cirro-stratus cloud uniformly covering the whole sky.
1883Scott Meteorol. i. vii. 126 For the uniform sheets..M. Poëy has proposed the name of Pallium, a cloak, but this term has not met with general acceptance. 1885T. W. Backhouse in Nature No. 799. 361 The nearest approach here to a pallium of these singular clouds was on the morning of December 12.
5. attrib.
1894Moyes in Dublin Rev. Oct. 419 The Archiepiscopal or Pallium oath was naturally held to be a sufficiently binding tie between the entire bishops of the province and the Holy See. 1895G. Meredith Amaz. Marr. x, They must be the very ancient pallium philosophers, ensconced in tubs. |