| 释义 |
palliative, a. and n.|ˈpælɪətɪv|
[a. F. palliatif, -ive (13–14th c. in Littré), f. L. type *palliātīv-us: see palliate and -ive.]
A. adj.
†1. Serving to cloak or conceal. Obs.
1611Cotgr., Paliatif, palliatiue; cloaking, hilling ouer, couering. 1656Blount Glossogr., Palliative, that cloaketh, covereth or concealeth.
2. Serving to relieve (disease) superficially or temporarily, or to mitigate or alleviate (pain or other evil).
1543Traheron Vigo's Chirurg. 43 b/2 We wyll speake of his cure aswel eradicatyue as palliatyue. 1651Biggs New Disp. ⁋263 At the best a Fontanel is..but a palliative cure. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 32 ⁋6 The cure for the greatest part of human miseries is not radical, but palliative. 1889Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 887 These drugs at best are no more than palliative.
3. Tending to extenuate or excuse.
1779J. Duché Disc. (1790) I. iv. 62 The palliative arts they make use of to reconcile their duty with their passions. 1782Warton Rowley Enq. 85 He openly defends his new attempt, not in a palliative apology, but in a peremptory declaration. 1849C. Brontë Shirley x. 148 If her auditress ventured..to put in a palliative word, she set it aside with a certain disdain.
B. n.
1. That which gives superficial or temporary relief; that which serves to alleviate or abate the violence of pain, disease, or other evil.
1724Swift Drapier's Lett. Wks. 1755 V. ii. 134 Those palliatives which weak, perfidious, or abject politicians are..in all diseases, so ready to administer. 1803Med. Jrnl. X. 549, I..confined myself to palliatives, the principal of which was laudanum. 1846H. Rogers Ess. I. iv. 179 We are promised a cure of our malady, and we are treated with palliatives. 1877Owen Wellesley's Desp. Introd. 27 A timely palliative, if not a radical cure, for immediate and urgent evils.
2. An extenuating representation.
1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) II. xxix. 184 What shall we think of one, who seeks to find palliatives in words? a1797H. Walpole Geo. II (1847) III. xi. 309 [This was] a palliative of the latter's obliquity, if justice would allow of any violation. 18..W. Scott (Webster 1864), He had been what is called, by manner of palliative, a very gay young man.
Hence ˈpalliatively adv., in a palliative manner; in a way that serves to lighten or mitigate.
1714Mandeville Fab. Bees (1733) II. 345 The weakness of the language it self may be palliatively cured by strength of elocution. 1822–34Good's Study Med. (ed. 4) III. 490 In such cases we should proceed gently and palliatively. |