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oxalic, a. Chem.|ɒkˈsælɪk|
[ad. F. oxalique (G. de Morveau and Lavoisier, 1787), f. L. Oxalis: see -ic.]
Of, derived from, or characteristic of the Oxalis or Wood Sorrel: spec. a. oxalic acid: a highly poisonous and intensely sour acid (C2H2O4 = C2O2.2HO), the first member of the dibasic series having the general formula CnH2n-2O4.
It exists in the form of salts (potassium, sodium, or calcium oxalate) in Wood Sorrel and many other plants, and is also obtained chemically from sugar, starch, sawdust, and other organic substances; it crystallizes in transparent colourless crystals, readily soluble in water or alcohol.
oxalic series (of acids): the dibasic acids derived from the glycols, which differ from the lactic or monobasic series by having an additional atom of oxygen in place of two of hydrogen; they include Oxalic, Malonic, Succinic, Pyrotartaric, Adipic, Pimelic, Suberic, Azelaic, Sebacic, Brassylic, and Roccellic acids (Roscoe Elem. Chem. (1874) xxxiv).
1791Hamilton Berthollet's Dyeing I. i. ii. i. 123 Nitric acid..forms oxalic acid, with part of the hydrogen and charcoal. 1800tr. Lagrange's Chem. II. 210 Oxalic acid..is extracted from sugar by combining the oxygen of the nitric acid with one of its constituent principles. 1847E. Turner Elem. Chem. 711 Oxalic acid. Discovered by Scheele in 1776. It occurs as a mineral Humboldite combined with oxide of iron. 1873[see oxalyl]. 1876Harley Mat. Med. (ed. 6) 313 Oxalic Acid derives its name from the wood sorrel..which, like all the genus, abounds in oxalic acid in combination with potash.
b. oxalic ether, a name for neutral ethyl oxalate (C6H10O4 = C2O2.2C2H5.O2); also extended to the oxalates of the alcohol-radicals in general.
1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 328 Oxalic ether was mixed with sulphuret of potassium. 1866–77Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 268 Oxalic Ethers... Only those of methyl, ethyl, amyl and allyl have..been yet obtained.
c. oxalic diathesis (Path.), that condition of the system in which there is a tendency to formation of calcium oxalate in the urine; also called oxalatic diathesis, oxalic acid diathesis.
1843Sir T. Watson Lect. Princ. & Pract. Physic lxxvi. II. 548 There is yet another diathesis sufficiently common and important to claim your best attention. I mean the oxalic: in which there is a tendency to the formation, in the kidney, of the oxalate of lime, or mulberry calculus. |