| 释义 |
▪ I. hoyden, n. (a.)|ˈhɔɪdən|
Also 6–8 hoydon, 7–8 hoidon, 7–9 hoiden.
[Found c 1600 (not in Shakes.); origin uncertain. ? Connected with hoit v.
Skinner's conjectured derivation from Ger. and Du. heide heath, Du. heiden, in Kilian ‘heyden, homo agrestis et incultus’, is perh. not impossible; but evidence is wanting.]
†1. A rude, ignorant, or awkward fellow; a clown, boor. Obs.
1593Nashe 4 Lett. Confut. 58 The hoyden and pointing stock of recreation of Trinitie hall. 15971st Pt. Return fr. Parnass. ii. i. 833 I'le make every hoydon bestowe a fairinge on his dore, his wall, his windowe. c1600Day Begg. Bednall Gr. ii. ii. (1881) 40 A sort of Momes and Hoydons that know not chalke from cheese. 1611Cotgr., Badault, a foole, dolt, sot..gaping hoydon. 1645Milton Colast. Wks. (1851) 364 Shall I argue of conversation with this hoyd'n? 1708Motteux Rabelais iv. xlvi, The poor Devil..was made a common Laughing-Stock by the gaping Hoydons.
2. A rude, or ill-bred girl (or woman); a boisterous noisy girl, a romp.
1676Wycherley Pl. Dealer ii. Wks. (Rtldg.) 113/2 Then Mrs. Hoyden, that calls all People by their surnames. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Hoidon, a clownish ill-bred Wench. 1709Steele Tatler No. 13 ⁋1 She was so ungainly in her Behaviour, and such a laughing Hoyden. 1744Mrs. Delany in Life & Corr. 323 She is daughter to my lord Tyrone, such another slatternly ignorant hoyden I never saw. 1809N. Pinkney Trav. France 183 An elegant fashionable girl, and as far removed from a romp and a hoyden as it is possible to conceive. 1876Green Stray Stud. 170 Hoydens covered with sand and seaweed.
B. attrib. or adj. Belonging to, of the character of, or resembling a hoyden; inelegant in deportment, roystering, hoydenish.
1728Young Love Fame v. 477 They throw their persons with a hoyden air Across the room, and toss into the chair. 1792M. Wollstonecraft Rights Wom. vii. 290 The jokes and hoiden tricks which knots of young women indulged themselves in. 1861Tulloch Eng. Purit. ii. 253 The wilful and hoyden blood of their mother.
Hence ˈhoydenhood, the condition of a hoyden; ˈhoydenism, the character or manners of a hoyden, hoydenishness.
1824Scott St. Ronan's vi, In her maiden state of hoyden⁓hood. 1886M. W. Hungerford Green Pleas. & Grey Grief I. iv. 71 A fatal tendency towards hoydenism.
▪ II. ˈhoyden, v.
[f. prec. n.]
intr. To play the hoyden. Hence hoydening vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1709Brit. Apollo II. No. 12. 3/1 A Strong dock'd Bucksome Quean, Who Hoidons over Parson's-Green. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) IV. 221 Did she never from girlhood to now, hoyden? 1758Gray Let. to Stonhewer in Mason Mem. (1807) II. 124 Primness and affectation..has turned to hoydening and rude familiarity. 1806–7J. Beresford Mis. Hum. Life (1826) v. xviii, Hoydening abbesses. |