| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈoverˌhang, n.
[f. next. Cf. MHG. überhanc.]
a. The fact of overhanging, or the extent to which something overhangs; a projection, a jutting out. Also concr. an overhanging or projecting part; the projection of the upper parts of a ship, fore and aft, beyond the water line.
1864Daily Tel. 19 Nov., There was just time for the lieutenant to lower the torpedo from its spar and pull the trigger, exploding it right beneath the over-hang of the Albemarle. 1883Standard 3 Aug. 5/6 The amphibious reptiles are prevented from escaping by the overhang of the rim of the basin. 1892Field 19 Nov. 793/1 She [a yacht] has a considerable overhang of bow. Such overhang..is only of advantage in rough water sailing. 1908H. G. Wells War in Air v. 158 The overhang of the gas-chambers intervened. 1919T. K. Holmes Man from Tall Timber ix. 101 The two women..lived alone on Paradise Knoll, just under the overhang of its crown. 1924J. Buchan Three Hostages xxi. 306 The corrie face..seemed nothing but slabs and rotten rocks, while the few chimneys had ugly overhangs. 1940W. Faulkner Hamlet i. i. 19 Once more Varner looked down into the cold impenetrable agate eyes beneath the writhen over⁓hang of brows. 1957Brit. Commonwealth Forestry Terminol. ii. 89 Hang, the forward lean given to the blades in a vertical frame saw so that the teeth engage with the wood in succession and not simultaneously (the lead-in). Syn. Overhang. Ibid. 127 Overhang, the forward slope given to the front of a stack of converted timber for protection against weathering. 1960Times 22 Oct. 9/4 One lone perch will take up residence in a deep undercut or an overhang of bushes in much the same manner as a big trout. 1973C. Bonington Next Horizon v. 81 The rock juts steeply above, in a series of bristling overhangs, cut by a broken crack. 1975New Yorker 21 Apr. 34/2 She retreated only after high winds began to shred the plastic overhang that had been keeping the stage dry.
b. Electr. Engin. The part of an armature winding which projects beyond the armature core.
1915M. Walker Specification & Design Dynamo-Electr. Machinery vii. 172 (caption) Dimensions of the over⁓hang of concentric coils. 1936Say & Pink Performance & Design A.C. Machines x. 193 The problem of the estimation of eddy current losses in overhang conductors is very difficult.
c. Aeronaut. (a) (The length of) the part of a wing beyond its outermost point of support; (b) in a biplane or multiplane, (the length of) the part of a wing that extends beyond the tip of an adjacent wing.
1915Flight 9 Apr. 248/2 In plan form the main planes, of which the upper one has a slight overhang, have a pronounced taper towards the tips. 1919Pippard & Pritchard Aeroplane Struct. iv. 17 The position of the top plane extending beyond the outermost interplane strut is called the extension plane or the overhang. 1928V. W. Page Mod. Aircraft v. 180 A typical training biplane which has both a pronounced forward stagger and an overhang as well. 1933W. Munro Marine Aircraft Design vi. 91 In older types of biplanes the upper wing used to be built with a much longer span and overhang than the lower wing. 1953J. H. Stevens Shape of Aeroplane i. 29 The weight of the overhang when on the ground was taken by wires attached to kingposts protruding from the top plane above the outer pair of interplane struts. Ibid., It was common practice on early aeroplanes to make the upper wing of larger span than the lower. This extra length was called the overhang. 1977Aeroplane Monthly May 274/2 The B.E.2e was..distinguished by the large overhang of the upper wing extensions.
d. In a turntable unit, the distance between the stylus point and the centre of the turntable when the pickup arm is placed so that these two points and the pivot of the pickup are in line and the turntable centre is between the other two points.
1937Radio Engin. Mar. 17/1 The curves in Fig. 3 have been calculated to show the initial tracking angle which occurs with a conventional pickup arm as a function of the radius R of the playing circle, the length of the arm L, and the overhang D, which is the distance between the center of the turntable and the needle point when the needle point is in line with the centers of the base and turntable. 1945Electronics Mar. 111/2 If the needle point overhang D is 13/16 inch..the tracking angle varies from 32 deg at 6 inches through 27 deg at 3·3 inches back to 32 deg at the 2-inch radius. 1953G. A. Briggs Sound Reproduction (ed. 3) xxvi. 330 The calculations for best offset angle and overhang..were made on the basis of zero tracking error at the inside groove of a standard 12{pp} record. 1958S. Kelly in E. Molloy High Fidelity Sound Reproduction viii. 139 With a 7½ in. arm, this [sc. minimum distortion] requires an offset angle of 24½° and an overhang of 0·56 in. 1976Gramophone Feb. 1406/1 The headshell has..a slot screw fitting to permit accurate setting of the effective pivot-to-stylus distance (overhang).
e. Econ. An excess of (estimated) expenditure over available or budgeted funds.
1953Sun (Baltimore) 13 May 4/2 Humphrey pointed out that no revenue has been provided to cover the $81,000,000,000 ‘overhang’ of appropriations which will be outstanding at the close of this fiscal year. 1954Britannica Bk. of Year 638/1 Economic policy produced Overhang, an appropriation in excess of actual funds. 1974Financial Times 19 July 22/8 The dollar overhang has disappeared, the Middle East war has ended. 1976Washington Post 13 Mar. A19/3 That [sc. a big increase in the outflow of U.S. capital] meant a sizeable addition to the existing ‘overhang’ of dollars, amounting to nearly $200 billion held outside of the United States.
f. In sound recording and reproduction, the (usu. undesired) continued oscillation of a system after the cessation of the signal causing it; spec. that of a loudspeaker, esp. in the bass when the cone is insufficiently damped near its resonant frequency. Cf. hang-over, hangover 3, quots. 1961, 1967.
1971J. Earl How to choose Pickups & Loudspeakers v. 126 When the cone oscillates at resonance it vibrates quite violently unless well damped. This can cause ‘over-hang’ effects at the bass end. 1975G. J. King Audio Handbk. ii. 34 A very low Rs in parallel with the loudspeaker inhibits overshoot and rings on transient type signal, and this is particularly desirable at the loudspeaker's bass resonance frequency where, without such damping, the cone can oscillate vigorously when triggered by a transient, an effect which is responsible for ‘over-hang’ and ‘boomy’ bass. 1976Gramophone Dec. 1028/3 The sound has warmth and resonance (the long overhang of the King's acoustic is expertly handled without the slightest muddying of the textures). 1977Ibid. May 1774/3 Square wave response of all the cartridges showed virtually no overhang and an adequate rise time with little ringing.
▪ II. overhang, v.|əʊvəˈhæŋ|
Pa. tense and pple. overhung.
[over- 1, 3, 8. Cf. Du. overhangen, Ger. überhangen.]
1. trans. To hang over (something); to be suspended above; to project or jut out above. (Also said hyperbolically of a steep slope or hill, etc., in relation to what is at the foot of it.)
1599Shakes. Hen. V, iii. i. 13 As fearefully, as doth a galled Rock O're-hang and iutty his confounded Base. 1628Sir W. Mure Doomesday 426 Caught vp, when on immortall wings, To aire this stage which ouerhings. 1725Pope Odyss. xiv. 4 With cliffs and nodding forests over-hung. 1805Wordsw. Waggoner i. 165 Sky, hill, and dale, one dismal room..overhung with gloom. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) III. 327 Ascend the hill which overhangs the city.
b. fig. To be as if about to fall upon; to impend over; to threaten.
1653Nissena 96 What mischiefe might overhang him and Nissena. 1890Spectator 17 May, As if life were always overhung by a possibility almost as depressing as a known liability to madness.
2. intr. To hang over; to project beyond the base; to jut out above.
1667Milton P.L. iv. 547 The rest was craggie cliff, that overhung Still as it rose, impossible to climbe. 1703T. N. City & C. Purchaser 29 When it leans towards you, they say it over-hangs. 1887J. J. Hissey Holiday on Road 174 The sea keeps eating the cliffs away here. Do you notice yonder how they overhang?
3. trans. To cover or adorn with hangings.
1831Carlyle Sart. Res. i. iv, Neither is any Drawing-room a Temple, were it never so begilt and overhung.
4. To support from above; see overhung 3.
Hence overˈhanging vbl. n., the action of the verb, also concr. something that overhangs; ppl. a., that overhangs.
1548–67Thomas Ital. Dict., Pendice, the ouerhangynge or holowe of a rocke. 1602Shakes. Ham. ii. ii. 312 Look you, this braue ore-hanging, this Maiesticall Roofe, fretted with golden fire. 1778W. H. Marshall Minutes Agric. 13 Oct. 1776, He trimmed-back the over-hangings of the outside furrow of a field of wheat. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. ix. 63, I descended, and found my friend beneath an over⁓hanging rock. |