| 释义 |
exhalation|ɛkshəˈleɪʃən|
Forms: 4–6 exalacion, (4 -tion, 5 -cyon, 6 -tione), 5 exalacioun, -cyoun, 6–exhalation.
[ad. L. exhālātiōn-em, n. of action f. exhālāre to exhale.]
1. The action or process of exhaling, breathing forth or throwing off in the form of vapour; evaporation. Const. of.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. iii. xv. (Tollem. MS.), To hot sunne..makeþ to greet exalacion and wastynge of þe kynde hete. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. ii. iii. 152 It is drede of sodeyn deeþ, for sodeyn exalacioun of þe spiritis. 1582J. Hester Secr. Phiorav. i. xxxii. 39 The Feuer is dissolued with..exhalation and exsication. 1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 41 The aire..by exhalation is elevated, and doth rise from the earth. 1676Grew Anat. Plants, Lect. ii. (1682) 240 Exhalation; when not only fumes, but visible steams are produced. 1836Todd Cycl. Anat. I. 135/2 The skin and pulmonary surface are the great implements of exhalation among animals.
fig.1670G. H. Hist. Cardinals i. ii. 60 A Pinnacle of Grandeur above all exhalation of scandal.
b. The action of emitting the breath; expiration; an instance of this; a puff. Also fig. the blowing off or getting rid of (anger, excitement, etc.).
a1734North Lives I. 416 After these exhalations..his mind became more composed. 1834T. Medwin Angler in Wales I. 249 There are some who..shorten the brief span of our [a cigar's] being, making it only a few volcanic exhalations. 1854Emerson Lett. & Soc. Aims, Poet. & Imag. Wks. (Bohn) III. 159 The length of lines in songs..is determined by the inhalation and exhalation of the lungs. 1878H. James Europeans I. ii. 73 Gertrude gave a little long, soft exhalation.
2. concr. That which is exhaled; a mist, vapour, etc.; an emanation or effluvium, a scent. Also collect.
1393Gower Conf. III. 95 Through divers exalations..Men sene diverse forme appere Of fire. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xiv. iii. (1495) 469 Hylles gendre exalatcyon, smokes and vapours. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 287 She ouery stynking exalacyoun Of þe eyr bare alwey ful heuyly. 1540–1Elyot Image Gov. 64 Sickenesses, whiche undoubtedly dooe growe of corrupt exhalacions ventynge out of mens bodies. 1562W. Bullein Bk. Simples 1 b, Abstain from soche meates, as..make exalacion, or smoke up into the braine. 1610Rowlands Martin Markall 32 So noysome an exhalation, that birds..are poysoned with the very breath and ayre thereof. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 78 ⁋2 The Indian wanders among his native spices without any sense of their exhalations. 1862Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) VII. lx. 282 Nero's golden house had risen like an exhalation, and like an exhalation it disappeared. 1869E. A. Parkes Pract. Hygiene (ed. 3) 117 Pulmonary and cutaneous exhalations of men.
fig.1592Nashe P. Penilesse 11 a, Exhalations, drawen vp to the heauen of honor, from the dunghil of obiect fortune. 1871R. H. Hutton Ess. II. 342 The turbid malarious exhalations of visionary excitement.
3. A body or portion of vapour, usually enkindled vapour; a meteor. arch.
1561Eden Arte Nauig. ii. xx. 51 b, Shining exhalations..appeare in tempestes. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. ii. i. 44 The exhalations, whizzing in the ayre, Giue so much light, that I may reade by them. 1660Glanvill Vanity Dogm. xviii. 174 The Galaxy is no exhalation from the Earth, but an heap of smaller Luminaries. 1720Ozell tr. Vertot's Rom. Rep. I. iv. 201 This Year..fiery Exhalations were seen in the Air. 1871Farrar Witn. Hist. ii. 58 The star of the shepherds was a meteoric exhalation.
Add:[1.] c. Geol. [ad. F. exhalaison (A. Brun 1911, in Recherches sur l'Exhalaison Volcanique 11).] The emission of volcanic gases into the atmosphere or the escape of gases from a magmatic fluid; an occurrence of this.
1920L. La Forge in A. H. Fay Gloss. Mining & Mineral Industry (U.S. Bureau of Mines Bull. No. 95.) 255/1 Exhalation,..in geology, any gas or vapor formed beneath the surface of the earth and escaping either through a conduit or fissure or from molten lava or a hot spring; an emanation. 1959A. A. G. Schieferdecker Geol. Nomencl. 274/1 Exhalation, volcanic emanation; magmatic.., the streaming forth of volcanic gases. 1959Bulletin Volcanologique XX. 138 Activity within the Kurile–Kamchatka volcanic zone is manifest in three main forms: exhalations of hot volcanic gases, discharge of thermal waters..and emission of steam jets. 1986Abstracts with Programs (Geol. Soc. Amer.) XVIII. 665/2 (heading) Saline brines, Frio formation, South Texas: contribution from basement exhalation? 1988Biol. Abstr. LXXXVI. ab-844/1 Submarine hydrothermal exhalations are the likely source of much of the material. |