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ogive Arch.|ˈəʊdʒaɪv, əʊˈdʒaɪv|
Also 3 oggif.
[a. F. ogive (1468 in Godef. Compl.), formerly also œgive (1325), orgive (1399), augive (1459), osive, oisive (1462–3), ogive (1503); of uncertain origin; it has been conjecturally referred to F. auge trough; to It., Sp., Pg. auge ‘the highest point of any planet’ (Florio), culmination, highest point, ad. Arab. auj (prop. a term of Astrology or Astronomy); and to L. augēre to increase, augment (Littré).]
1. The diagonal groin or rib of a vault, two of which cross each other at the centre.
1357–8Ely Sacr. Rolls (1907) II. 180 In lvj pedibus de oggifs empt. per pede iijd. ob. 16s. 4d. 1611Cotgr., Branches d'augives, branches ogiued; or, limmes with ogiues. [See also ogee 1.] 1727–41Chambers Cycl., Ogives, arches or branches of a Gothic vault, which, in lieu of being circular, pass diagonally from one angle to another... The middle, where the ogives cut or cross each other, is called the key, which is sometimes carved in form of a rose, or a cul de lampe. 1842Gwilt Encycl. Arch. (1876) 232 Ogive..designated originally a diagonal band in groined vaulting formed by the intersection either of barrel vaults or of keel vaults, to both of which the terms voûte en croisée d'ogives, or voûte d'ogives, were applicable. 1896Vizetelly tr. Zola's Rome 361 [Referring to the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva] The clustering columns cased in stucco imitating marble, the ogives which dared not soar, the rounded vaults condemned to the heavy majesty of the dome style.
†2. (See quots.) Obs.
(This explanation seems due to Cotgrave (who app. misunderstood the Fr. word, as no such sense appears in French dictionaries or authors). Blount who copied Cotgrave, and Phillips who plagiarized Blount, also identify Ogive with Ogee.)
[1611Cotgr., Augive, an ogiue; a wreath, circlet, round band, in Architecture.] 1656Blount Glossogr., Ogive or Ogee (Fr. Augive or Ogive), a wreath, circlet or round band in Architecture. 1658in Phillips.
†3. An ogee moulding. Obs.
1703T. N. City and C. Purchaser 214 O.G., Ogee, or Ogive, a sort of Moulding in Architecture. 1706Phillips, Ogive, or Ogee,..a Member of a Moulding which consists of a Round and a Hollow.
4. a. A pointed (= ‘Gothic’) arch.
(Apparently so called from the shape of the spaces between the ogives or ribs of a vault. ‘As equivalent to a pointed arch, ogive is merely the popular confirmation of an error committed by the ignorance of some writers in the present [19th] century’. Gwilt Encycl. Arch. (1842–76) 233.)
1841Blackw. Mag. XLIX. 150 [see ogival a.]. Ibid. (tr. Michelet), The common aspiration of lines..which is the mystery of the ogive, is frequent in India and Persia. 1851Ruskin Stones Ven. I. i. §33 It will be..difficult to distinguish the Arabian ogives from those..built under..Gothic influence. 1893Funk's Stand. Dict., Ogive,..a pointed arch; hence, a window in the pointed style. 1894Nation (N.Y.) 7 June 425/3 The architects freely mixed the two styles, at Laon sandwiching two stories of round arches between the ogives on the ground floor and those in the clerestory.
b. (Something having) the profile of an ogive, esp. the head of a projectile.
1904Sci. Amer. 16 Jan. 44/1 It [sc. an airship] is cylindrical in form, with an ogive nose and a nearly hemispherical stern. 1947L. E. Simon German Research in World War II 115 They studied the way in which the ogive (the tapering head of the projectile) broke up. 1950E. A. Bonney Engin. Supersonic Aerodyn. v. 183 For a given base diameter, therefore, the drag of an ogive will be less than that of a cone of the same length. 1966D. Stinton Anat. Aeroplane vi. 89 The shapes of such aircraft are determined by the need to produce favourable interactions between the relatively high-pressure regions behind shock waves and the adjacent airframe surfaces. The simplest example is shown in Fig. 6.9, in which an ogive, shedding a complete ogival Mach-cone, is split longitudinally and fitted with wings.
5. Statistics. A graph in which each ordinate represents the frequency with which a variate has a value less than or equal to that indicated by the corresponding abscissa, which for many unimodal frequency distributions has the form of an ogee. (In earlier use the ordinates and abscissas were interchanged.)
1875F. Galton in Phil. Mag. XLIX. 35 When the objects are marshalled in the order of their magnitude along a level base at equal distances apart, a line drawn freely through the tops of the ordinates which represent their several magnitudes will form a curve of double curvature... Such a curve is called, in the phraseology of architects, an ‘ogive’. Ibid. 46 A law of frequency of error founded on a binominal ogive. 1930R. Pearl Introd. Med. Biometry & Statistics vi. 119 The ogive and integral forms of plotting a frequency distribution are fundamentally the same. The only difference is that in the case of the ogive frequencies are plotted along the abscissal axis, and in the integral along the y axis as usual. 1937Yule & Kendall Introd. Theory of Statistics (ed. 11) viii. 150 The values of the percentiles may be used to draw what is known as Galton's ogive curve. 1939J. F. Kenney Math. of Statistics (1940) I. ii. 26 The graphs of cumulative frequencies are called ogives. 1962A. Battersby Guide to Stock Control iii. 31 This curve has been derived from sales figures with a Normal distribution... It is called the ‘ogive’ of the Normal curve. Ibid., For Normal probability paper, the scale is drawn so as to turn the Normal ogive into a straight line.
6. Geol. A stripe or band of dark material stretching from side to side across the surface of a glacier, usu. arched in the direction of flow and arranged in a parallel series of similar bands.
1947Jrnl. Glaciology I. 16 Then there is the question of ‘Ogives’ or pressure arches. 1949Ibid. I. 327 Vareschi's latest and most important researches were made upon various systems of banding which appear in the tongue of the Great Aletsch Glacier, in particular what are locally called Ogiven. These are curved bands visible on the glacier surface, often in regular longitudinal series... The ogive itself is generally darker block ice, whilst between one ogive and the next is paler and higher Buckel ice. 1951Ibid. I. 498 The study of the formation of ogives which in English-speaking countries are referred to as Forbes's Bands. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia IX. 183/1 In plan view, the ogives are invariably distorted into arcs or curves convex downglacier; hence the name ogive.
7. attrib. and Comb., as ogive window; ogive windowed adj.
1842Barham Ingol. Leg., Blasphemer's Warn., The large ogive window that lighted the hall. 1882E. O'Donovan Merv Oasis I. ii. 28 The houses of the genuine ogive-windowed, flat-roofed Persian type. 1898T. Hardy Wessex Poems 212 High halls with tracery And open ogive-work.
Hence ogived a., consisting of an ogive or ogives; having the form of an ogive or ogee.
1611[see ogive 1]. 1845Petrie Eccl. Arch. Ireland 232 Of the triangular or rather ogived label.., an example is found over a..doorway of a temple on a coin of the Emperor Licinius. |