| 释义 |
odium|ˈəʊdɪəm|
[a. L. odium, f. vb. stem od-, odi- to hate.]
Hatred, dislike, aversion, detestation. a. as a feeling or quality of the subject.
1654tr. Scudery's Curia Pol. 139 Before his death he discern'd himself the object of the Peoples scorne, and odium. 1654H. L'Estrange Chas. I (1655) 65 Ambitious by some meritorious service to earn a better gust, or correct the universal odium against him. 1776O. Schuyler in Sparks Corr. Amer. Rev. (1853) I. 287, I will no longer suffer the public odium, since I have it most amply in my power to justify myself. 1826E. Irving Babylon II. 389 Though it expose me to odium in every form, I have no hesitation in asserting it.
b. as a condition affecting the object: The fact or state of being hated or exposed to hatred.
1602Warner Alb. Eng. Epit. (1612) 387 Obseruing the King..to be in Odium with his Subiects. 1691Bp. Ken Let. to Mrs. Griggs 7 June (Add. MS.), To avoid yt odium vnder wch I lye. 1726G. Roberts Four Years Voy. 64, I should have fallen under an Odium with them. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 36 The odium which attached to him when alive has not been removed by his death.
c. The reproach attaching to some hated act or fact; odiousness; opprobrium.
1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. i. iv. §20. 369 That he might decline the Odium of being accompted an Atheist. a1680Butler Rem. (1759) I. 348 Nero..having set Rome on fire himself..laid the Odium of it on the Christians. 1734Watts Reliq. Juv. lvii. (1789) 187 Men..who shall seek truth with an unbiassed soul; and shall speak it freely to mankind, without the fear of parties or the odium of singularity. 1826Scott Nigel iv, When the odium of the transaction shall be forgotten. 1879Froude Cæsar viii. 85 On him had fallen the odium of the proscription and the stain of the massacres.
†d. The object of hatred or dislike. Obs.
1681Hickeringill Sin Man-Catching Wks. 1716 I. 189 Is not this better than to..become the common odium and object of the Peoples Hatred and just Indignation?
‖e. odium theologicum (mod.L.), the hatred which proverbially characterizes theological dissensions. Hence, by imitation, odium æstheticum (æsthetic), odium medicum (medical), odium musicum (musical), etc. Also, by imitation, odium academicum (academic), odium archæologicum (archæological), odium biologicum (biological), odium ethicum (ethical), odium philologicum (philological), odium philosophicum (philosophical), odium scholasticum (scholarly).
[1673J. Flavel Fountain of Life xxx. 414 Strigelius desired to die, that he might be freed ab implacabilibus odiis theologorum, from the implacable strifes of contending Divines.] 1734‘Philalethes Cantabrigiensis’ Geometry No Friend to Infidelity 13 This is the very method which the Odium Theologicum, the intemperate zeal of Divines has always pursued. 1758Hume Ess. & Treat. xxiv. 121 note, The Odium Theologicum, or Theological Hatred, is noted even to a proverb, and means that degree of rancour, which is the most furious and implacable. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. II. vii. 137 The odium theologicum is ever hotter between sections of the same party which are divided by trifling differences, than between the open representatives of antagonist principles. a1866J. Grote Exam. Utilitarian Philos. (1870) 9 The ‘odium ethicum’ is even more unreasonable than the ‘odium theologicum’. 1875Lowell Wordsworth Pr. Wks. 1890 IV. 354 Something of the intensity of the odium theologicum (if indeed the aestheticum be not in these days the more bitter of the two). 187919th Cent. 1069 On such ground it is little wonder if the odium musicum sometimes approximates in character to the odium theologicum. 1893Westm. Gaz. 23 Feb. 4/1 But the odium medicum of the main body of the profession has generally proved too strong for the heads of it. 1946Mind LV. 98, I am accused of indulging in ‘quixotic denunciations’ of Spinoza, and of being actuated by a spirit of odium philosophicum against his memory. 1959Listener 10 Sept. 405/2 The odium biologicum which it now seems scarcely possible for the acknowledged biologist wholly to avoid. Ibid. 29 Oct. 743/3 A kind of odium archaeologicum has been added to an odium theologicum. 1962Ibid. 10 May 821/1 The lay public is now familiar with the wars of the learned... With Professor Dumond we are involved in something more than odium academicum. 1963Times 14 Feb. 15/1 The question, then, arises whether the college to which he belongs and the cause of education in Oxford are to be sacrificed to the odium theologicum of a few infatuated dignitaries. 1970Language XLVI. 246 The public will not change, and we will continue to suffer from the odium philologicum unless we can find a way of establishing more friendly communication. 1973Times Lit. Suppl. 30 Mar. 347/4 Does not conceal her odium scholasticum at being anticipated by Firbank's bibliographer and first biographer. 1974Times 21 Mar. (Art & Antiques Suppl.) p. iii/2 No punches are pulled in the book reviews, which are often filled with odium scholasticum, as one expert dissects the researches of another. Ibid. 9 Nov. 13/6 The odium theologicum that often characterises academic debate. |