| 释义 |
oceanic, a.|əʊʃiːˈænɪk|
[ad. med. or mod.L. ōceanic-us, f. ōceanus ocean: cf. F. océanique (1548 in Hatz.-Darm., also in Cotgr. 1611) and -ic.]
1. a. Of or pertaining to, situated or living in or by, the ocean; flowing into the ocean.
1656[see oceanine]. 1755in Johnson. 1772–84Cook Voy. (1790) VI. 2116 Gulls, petrels, and other oceanic birds. 1830Lyell Princ. Geol. I. 244 The population of all oceanic deltas are particularly exposed to suffer by such catastrophes. 1834M. Somerville Connex. Phys. Sc. xv. (1849) 135 The Gulf-stream and other oceanic rivers. 1851–6Woodward Mollusca 12 The oceanic-snail, and multitudes of other floating molluscs, pass their lives on the open sea. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. iv. (1873) 82 An oceanic island at first sight seems to have been highly favourable for the production of new species. 1869Rawlinson Anc. Hist. 12 The rivers of the circumjacent plains are..oceanic, i.e. they mingle themselves with the waters of the great deep. 1880W. B. Carpenter in 19th Cent. No. 38. 596 The proper oceanic area is a portion of the crust of the earth..depressed with tolerable uniformity some thousands of feet below the land area.
b. Pertaining to or inhabiting those regions of the open sea beyond the edge of a continental shelf.
1877H. N. Moseley in Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. XVII. 24 The present oceanic form is placed in the genus Stylochus on account of the position of the tentacles. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 936/2 The majority of the oceanic epiplankton appears to be stenothermal. 1909[see holoplankton s.v. holo-]. 1942H. U. Sverdrup et al. Oceans viii. 278 The oceanic province has an upper lighted zone and a lower dark zone. 1953E. Palmer tr. Ekman's Zoogeogr. Sea xiv. 312 The coastal organisms..are termed neritic and they are contrasted with the open-sea organisms; the latter are often called simply oceanic, but this term is less exact. 1974Lucas & Critch Life in Oceans i. 24 The pelagic division is divided into the region inshore of the continental edge, known as the ‘neritic province’, and the remainder, called the ‘oceanic province’. In the oceanic province some aspects of the environment may change with level.
2. a. Of the nature of an ocean, ocean-like; of immense extent or magnitude; vast.
a1834Coleridge Notes Eng. Divines (1853) I. 209 His reading had been oceanic. 1834― Table-t. 15 Mar., The body and substance of his [Shakspere's] works came out of the unfathomable depths of his own oceanic mind. 1977Language LIII. 391 One must at all times bear in mind, however, that this [sc. the philosophy of history] is a field of oceanic proportions.
b. oceanic feeling: a phrase used in a communication with Freud by R. Rolland (1866–1944), French writer and philosopher, in describing the longing for something vast and eternal of which he and others felt aware, and which he suggested as a possible source of religious feelings, but Freud interpreted as probably the nostalgia of the psyche for the ego-completeness of infancy; so oceanic longing.
1930J. Riviere tr. Freud's Civilization & its Discontents i. 8 It is a feeling which he would like to call a sensation of ‘eternity’, a feeling as of something limitless, unbounded, something ‘oceanic’... I cannot discover this ‘oceanic’ feeling in myself. Ibid. 21 The ‘oceanic’ feeling, which I suppose seeks to reinstate limitless narcissism... I can imagine that the oceanic feeling could become connected with religion later on. 1944O. Fenichel in Psychoanal. Rev. XXXI. 145 The masochist behaves masochistically because he has an oceanic longing for being united with a greater unity. 1949Koestler Insight & Outlook xiii. 194 The general occurrence of the oceanic feeling, of the tendency towards cosmic self-transcendence, is a fact. 1967Philos. Rev. LXXVI. 207 Correlates..may be lacking when we come to the experiencing of oceanic feelings. 1971P. Balogh Freud x. 109 The feeling described by Romain Rolland of being mystically identified with the universe Freud called an oceanic feeling.
3. Of or pertaining to Oceania; = Oceanian A.
1842Prichard Nat. Hist. Man 332 The Oceanic race, is, on the other hand, the most beautiful..of all the nations who inhabit the isles of the Great Southern Ocean. 1857Chambers' Inform. II. 296/1 The native inhabitants of all these islands..forming the Oceanic section of the Mongolidæ in Dr. Latham's classification. 1937Discovery Oct. 303/2 The origins of the Oceanic peoples and the remarkable affinities of culture between them and the Naga tribes of Assam. 1971L. A. Boger Dict. World Pott. & Porc. 248/1 In a general sense Oceanic pottery is primarily a woman's craft. 1974S. Marcus Minding the Store (1975) xiv. 288 They then proceeded to duplicate the same systematic approach to pre-Columbian terracottas and Oceanic sculpture.
4. Of a climate: influenced by proximity to a large body of water and hence having a relatively small diurnal and annual range of temperature and relatively great precipitation.
1877A. Geikie Elem. Lessons Physical Geogr. v. 351 An insular or oceanic climate is one where the difference between summer and winter temperature is reduced to a minimum, and where there is a copious supply of moisture from the large water-surface. 1902Encycl. Brit. XXX. 710/2 A globe whose surface is dotted with land and water, so uniformly intermixed that there can be no chance for the existence of distinct areas of continental and oceanic climates. 1922W. G. Kendrew Climates of Continents xxix. 215 The east of the British Isles has a continental rather than oceanic rainfall régime. 1957G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. vii. 443 The distinction between oceanic and continental climatic regimes. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia IV. 726/1 The differences between oceanic (or maritime) and continental climates, though operative in all latitudes, are most apparent in middle latitudes. |