| 释义 |
▪ I. oar, n.|ɔə(r)|
Forms: α. 1 ár, acc. áre, 3–7 ore, (5 hore, oyre), 4–6 oore, 6–8 oare, 6– oar, (6 oer, owre, 6–7 ower). β. north. 3–6 ar, are, 5–6 ayr(e, air(e, 7 aer.
[OE. ár str. fem. cognate with ON. ár, ǫ́r (Sw. år, åra, Da., Norw. aare):—OTeut. *airā: perh. radically akin to Gr. ερ- in ἐρέτης rower, ἐρετµός oar.]
1. a. A long wooden lever used to propel a boat, consisting of a stout pole, widened and flattened at one end into a blade, to press against the water as a fulcrum.
A small oar, a pair of which is used by one rower, is called a scull. Large ship oars are called sweeps. Oars are sometimes used for steering, as in whale-boats.
αa900O.E. Chron. an. 897 Sume hæfdon .lx. ara. c1000Gnomic Verses 188 (Gr.) Druᵹað his ar on borde. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 472/347 Huy drowen op seil and ore. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 12059 Ancres, ores, redy to hande. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 2308 Philomene, The oris pullyn forth the vessel faste. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) IV. 183 An hondred schippes and þritty, wiþ seilles and wiþ oores. 1486Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 14 A Cokke of xiiij ores. 1493Newminster Cartul. (1878) 195 A cobyll wt ij oyres. 1496Naval Acc. Hen. VII (1896) 167 Orys for the mayne Bote. c1500Melusine xxiv. 177 [He] rowed in hys galyote with eyght hores. 1539Taverner Erasm. Prov. (1552) 11 He ought to holde the oore yt hathe lerned it. 1540in Marsden Sel. Pl. Crt. Adm. (1894) I. 99 John Pope toke hold of on of the owers and stept in my bote. 1555Eden Decades 157 Without oers..they were caried awaye by the vyolence of the water. 1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 21 The oars are cleene splintred. 1623Bingham Xenophon 83 They had also a ship of fiftie owers. 1624Capt. Smith Virginia i. 3 To bring our Ores into the house. 1632J. Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 11 A bastard Galley of three and thirty banks with sixe men to an oare, he armed her. 1659D. Pell Impr. Sea 14 They must first take a turn at the Oar, before they come either to the Helm or Stern. 1799Charnock in Naval Chron. I. 132 In the modern galleys,..the oars..are forty-four feet long. 1863F. A. Kemble Resid. in Georgia 36 Pulling an oar across the stream.
β13..Sir Tristr. 354 His maister þan þai fand A bot and an are. 1375Barbour Bruce iii. 576 Sum went till ster, and sum till ar. c1425Wyntoun Cron. ii. viii. 73 Sum of þame þai slewe rycht þare Wytht arys. c1470Henry Wallace vii. 1067 A hundreth schippys, that ruthyr bur and ayr. 1549Compl. Scot. vi. 42 The galliasse pat furtht..ane hundredtht aris on euerye syde. 1572Satir. Poems Reform. xxxi. 102 Intil a bait vpon Lochlowmond, But boddum, air, or Ruther. 1609Skene Reg. Maj. 144 (Stat. Gild c. 22) Before the ship ly on dry land, and put forth ane aer.
b. In reference to slaves or condemned criminals compelled to row in galleys: see galley n. 1.
1711Lond. Gaz. No. 4942/1 To condemn Criminals..to the Oar. 1715Nelson Addr. Pers. Qual. 24 The Anguish and Smart that flows from Your Sins chain you to the Oar.
2. fig. Anything that serves, like an oar, as a means of propulsion in the water (or transf. the air).
c1586C'tess Pembroke Ps. lxviii. iv, [The dove] That glides with feathered oare through wavy sky. 1599Shakes. Much Ado iii. i. 27 To see the fish Cut with her golden ores the siluer streame. 1615Chapman Odyss. xii. 628 And there row'd off with owers of my hands. 1658Sir T. Browne Gard. Cyrus iii. 55 The Oars or finny feet of Water-Fowl. 1834Medwin Angler in Wales II. 16 With my gun therefore raised in my left hand, and making an oar of my right, I endeavoured to cross over. 1871G. Macdonald A Book of Dreams ii. i. ii, She [a swan] comes..With stroke of swarthy oar.
3. transf.
a. A rowing boat. pair of oars, a boat rowed by two men. (In quot. 1611 including the rowers.)
1611[Tarlton] Jests (1628) A iij b, Tarlton..caused a paire of Oares to tend him, who, at night, called on him to be gone. 1632Sherwood, A paire of oares, petite nacelle, ou bateau long ramé par deux hommes, ayans chascun deux avirons. 1634–5Brereton Trav. (Chatham Soc.) 80 To take..a pair of oars to Greenwitch. 1665Pepys Diary 13 July, There being no oars to carry me, I was fain to call a skuller. a1674Clarendon Hist. Reb. xi. §20 He..went into a pair of Oars that was ready. 1758Descr. Thames 269 Tilt⁓boats, Wherries, Oars, or Scullars.
b. An oarsman. first oars, the man who rows stroke; fig. one who takes the first place.
1749H. Walpole Lett. H. Mann (1846) II. 265 Legge, who..was next oars. 1774C. Dibdin Song, Jolly Young Waterman, He was always first oars when the fine city ladies In a party to Ranelagh went, or Vauxhall. 1861Hughes Tom Brown at Oxf. i, One of the best oars in the University boat. Ibid. iv, I heard he was a capital oar at Eton.
4. A stick, pole, or paddle, with which anything is stirred; esp. in Brewing, one with which the mash is stirred in the tun.
1743Lond. & Country Brew. iii. (ed. 2) 187 A second Person stirs it with an Oar or Paddle, as it runs out of the Sack. 1842Mrs. Dods Cook's Man. 447 The interstices between the spars or rounds of the oar allow the mash to be shaken through. 1850Nat. Encycl. XI. 595/1 The perfect solution of the sugar is aided by stirring with long poles or oars.
5. Phrases.
a. to have an oar in every man's boat (barge), etc., to have a hand in every one's business or affairs; so, to put one's oar in another man's boat, to put in one's oar, etc. Also, to get, shove, etc., one's oar in. The primary sense is ‘to interfere, to be (or become) meddlesome’.
b. to rest (lie) on one's oars, to lean on the handles of one's oars and thereby raise them horizontally out of the water; fig. to suspend one's efforts, take things easy.
c. to have, (take, etc.) the labouring oar: see labouring ppl. a. 4.
a.1543Udall Erasm. Apoph. ii. 180 In eche mannes bote, would he haue an ore. 1653H. Cogan tr. Pinto's Trav. xxv. 95 One of ours..who would needs have an oar in our talk, told him [etc.]. 1630R. Brathwait Eng. Gentleman i. 11 Youth..putting his oare in every mans boat. 1706[E. Ward] Wooden World Diss. (1708) 64 He's sure to have an Oar in other Mens Concerns. 1731C. Coffey Devil to Pay i. ii. 12, I will govern my own House without your putting in an Oar. c1779R. Cumberland in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 412 Whilst I have such a friend to act for me, why should I put in my oar? 1809Malkin Gil Blas i. vii. ⁋1, I..put in my oar whenever I thought I could say a good thing. 1886Besant Childr. Gibeon ii. xxx, Now, don't you put your oar in, young woman. You'd best stand out of the way, you had! 1890Barrère & Leland Dict. Slang II. 92/2 ‘To shove in an oar’, to intermeddle, or give an opinion unasked. 1908J. H. Shinn Pioneers Arkansas xxxii. 258 The idea is always to do the other fellow before he does you, and if he does get his oar in first, come back with remark called for brevity, ‘The Retort Courteous’. 1916‘Taffrail’ Pincher Martin vii. 109 ‘It ain't fit an' proper fur gals o' your age to go abart unpertected like.’..‘And who asked you to put your oar in, Mister Billings?’ 1946K. Tennant Lost Haven (1947) xiv. 224 He would probably go on talking all the morning, if a bloke didn't put in his oar. Ibid. 226 Look here, Dip. You're shoving in your oar, so I'll just tell you what I'm up against. 1968J. R. Ackerly My Father & Myself ix. 87 One who preferred to stand outside of life and observe it not (as he would have phrased it) to ‘put one's oar in’. 1977Film & Television Technician Mar. 5/1 The more that the workers stick their oar into the administration of actual film production the more they will weaken their strength in negotiation for the improvement of wages and terms of employment. 1978J. Anderson Angel of Death i. 6 Senior police officers couldn't go around saying things like that... He'd better get his oar in first.
b.1726G. Shelvocke Voy. round World (1757) 271 They lay upon their oars for some time, in spite of all I could do to make them keep their way. 1784R. Putnam in M. Cutler Life, etc. (1888) I. 175 Many of them are unable to lie long on their oars, waiting the decision of Congress on our petition. 1836Marryat Midsh. Easy xiii, Mr. Sawbridge immediately ordered the boats to lie upon their oars. 1836Lady Granville Lett. Oct. (1894) II. 215 We shall be able..to rest on our oars for a long time. 1887Athenæum 16 Apr. 520/3 The managers of the usual autumn gathering of paintings..will rest on their oars.
6. attrib. and Comb.: simple attrib., as oar-band, oar-bench, oar-blade, oar-leather, oar-roll, oar-song, oar-stroke, oar-thong, oar-tie, oar-timber, oar-work; objective, instrumental, etc., as oar-breaker, oar-maker; oar-finned, oar-footed, oar-like, oar-loving adjs.; oar-fish, a name for fishes of the family Regalecidæ, esp. Regalecus Banksii, from their compressed oar-like bodies; oar-helm, an oar used as a helm; oar-lop (see lop); now obs., a lop-eared rabbit with its ears sticking out at right angles to its head; (the form oar-lap appears to be an error arising from the misprint in the source of quot. 1868); oar-peg = oar-thole; oar-port = oar-hole; oar-propeller (see quot.); oar-rudder, an oar used as a rudder; oar-thole, a thole-pin.
1841Faraday in B. Jones Life (1870) II. 151 We broke the *oar-band; we were blown back and sideways.
1888T. Watts Burden Armada in Athenæum 18 Aug. 224/2 *Oar-benches gleam with smoking glaives.
1849Grote Greece ii. xli. V. 179 The *oar-blades were broken by collision. 1897Archæologia V. 392 An ancient Irish oar-blade of black oak found at Toome Bar.
1643Denham Cooper's H. 307 So toward a Ship the *oare-fin'd Gallies ply.
1860J. Richardson Yarrell's Hist. Brit. Fishes (2nd Suppl.) 27 (heading) Banks's *oar-fish. 1880A. C. L. G. Günther Introd. Study Fishes ii. 522 They [sc. Regalecus species] are frequently called..‘Oar-fishes’, from their two ventral fins, which have a dilatation at their extremity not unlike the blade of an oar. 1925J. T. Jenkins Fishes Brit. Isles 120 The name Oar-fish is derived from the presence of the two pelvic fins, which are..something like the blade of an oar. 1959A. Hardy Open Sea II. iv. 76 The oar-fish Regalecus glesne..is world-wide in distribution... It is the largest of the so-called ribbon-fish and..it looks almost like one's idea of the mythical sea-serpent. 1972N.Z. News 31 May 3/2 Two small boys rowing their boat in the Otago Harbour..bumped into a comparatively rare oar fish, 10 feet long and weighing about 100 pounds... Only about a dozen of the species, Regalecus pacificus, have been washed up on the New Zealand coast in the past 100 years. Oar fish are a deep-water variety.
1846Worcester, *Oar-footed, having feet used as oars. Burnet.
1883A. R. Colquhoun Across Chrysê I. xvi. 90 By means of a huge *oar-helm worked over the bow.
1836–48B. D. Walsh Aristoph. 54 note, The *oar-leather was a strap by which the oar was fastened to the rowlock.
1835–6Todd Cycl. Anat. I. 269/2 Their *oar-like feet. 1887J. F. T. Keane Three Years Wand. I. ii. 34 A true sea-snake, with flattened oar-like tail.
1854‘E. S. Delamer’ Pigeons & Rabbits 136 The *Oar-lop is the next stage of deflection, when the ears extend horizontally outwards on each side, forming a line that is more or less straight, giving the idea of a pair of oars which a waterman is resting out of the water. 1868[see lop n.7]. 1872C. Rayson Rabbits iii. xiii. 71 The ‘oar-lop’..is not fit for exhibition purposes. 1912G. A. Townsend Pract. Rabbit Keeping vii. 62 If both ears stood out from the head at right angles, the rabbit was an ‘Oar Lop’. 1933F. L. Washburn Rabbit Bk. (ed. 2) ii. 55 The term ‘oar-lop’ was used to express the condition where the ears are horizontal.
1866Blackie Homer & Iliad I. 93 All the *oar-loving Paphians honour the sceptre of Mentes.
1863P. Barry Dockyard Econ. 111 Eighteenth in order stand the *oar-makers' shops.
1874Athenæum 10 Oct. 477/3 All galleys..had their *oar-ports placed obliquely above each other in horizontal rows.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Oar-propeller, a device to imitate by machinery the action of sculling.
1845Stocqueler Handbk. Brit. India (1854) 189 Native boats..their strange *oar-rudders far-projecting.
1775Johnson West. Isl., Raasay, There is now an *oar-song used by the Hebrideans.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Oar-swivel, a pivotal device for an oar on the gunwale.
1889P. B. Du Chaillu Viking Age I. xii. 223 The *oar-tholes were loosened from the gunwale.
1886Corbett Fall of Asgard II. 148 There was no such *oar-work done in the whole fleet.
▪ II. oar, v.|ɔə(r)|
[f. prec. n.]
1. trans. To propel with or as with oars; to row. Also transf. and fig.
1610Shakes. Temp. ii. i. 118 He..oared Himselfe with his good armes in lusty stroke To th'shore. 1725Pope Odyss. xvi. 247 And what blessed hands have oared thee on the way? 1818Shelley Rev. Islam vii. xxvii, The eagle..Oaring with rosy feet its silver boat. 1842Tennyson To E. L. iv. 1883J. Hawthorne Dust II. 340 Many boats..oared by the jolly young watermen.
2. intr. To row; to advance, as if propelled by oars.
1647Trapp Comm. 1 Thess. iv. 11 Not oaring in other mens boats nor medling in other mens bishopricks. [Cf. oar n. 6 a.] 1725Pope Odyss. xii. 526 Sudden I dropt amidst the flashing main..And oar'd with laboring arms along the flood. 1816Southey Poets' Pilgrim. i. 27 A swan kept oaring near with upraised eye. 1885–94R. Bridges Eros & Psyche Sept. vii, Till, oaring here and there, the queen he found.
b. transf., with it: To swim.
1894K. Grahame Pagan Papers 136 A golden carp of fattest build, I oared it in translucent waters.
3. trans. To make (one's way) as with oars.
1801Southey Thalaba xi. vi, Now oaring with slow wing her upward way. a1851D. M. Moir Poems, Remembered Beauty, Graceful as the swan Oaring its way athwart a summer lake. 1863W. W. Story Roba di R. I. vii. 182 Stately white swans oaring their way with rosy feet.
4. To strike (the water) as with oars, to traverse as by rowing.
1773–83Hoole Orl. Fur. xi. 260 The Paladin..oar'd with nervous limbs The billowy brine.
5. To move (one's hands, etc.) like oars.
1882Jefferies Bevis I. ix. 148 He put his flat hands together, pushed them out, and oared them round as he had often done on land.
▪ III. oar, oare
obs. forms of ore n. |