| 释义 |
nutrient, a. and n.|ˈnjuːtrɪənt|
[ad. L. nūtrient-em, pres. pple. of nūtrīre to nourish.]
A. adj.
1. Serving as nourishment; possessing nutrimental qualities.
1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. 374 A tumour..caused by humours carried out with the nutrient bloud. 1825Blackw. Mag. XVII. 532 They both did hang On the same breast, and drew the nutrient stream From the same fount. 1844Proc. Berw. Nat. Club II. No. 12. 108 The old tree [is] thus bereft of its few remaining drops of nutrient aliment. 1876J. S. Bristowe Th. & Pract. Med. (1878) 79 Do the decaying tissues attract them to themselves from the blood or extra-vascular nutrient fluid?
2. Conveying or providing nourishment.
1650Bulwer Anthropomet. 171 By how much the Practique intellect is more noble then the Nutrient soul. 1798Abernethy in Phil. Trans. LXXXVIII. 106 The plethoric state of the nutrient vessels of the heart. 1804― Surg. Obs. 28 Some principal nutrient artery will afterwards be met with. 1861J. R. Greene Man. Anim. Kingd., Cœlent. 222 The little yet known of the development of the nutrient apparatus in the Ctenophora.
B. n.
1. A nutritious substance.
1828–32in Webster. 1880Med. Temp. Jrnl. July 174 It is not always that nutrients can be taken in sufficient quantity. 1899Bull. Div. Veg. Physiol. & Path. (U.S. Dept. Agric.) XVIII. 6 We can accept it as an indisputable fact that mineral matters found in plants also are real nutrients for them. 1903H. Snyder Chem. Plant & Anima Life xxxvi. 344 A balanced ration is one which contains a sufficient amount of nutrients from a variety of foods to meet the requirements of the animal. 1924Bot. Gaz. LXXVII. 121 (heading) Absorption of nutrients from sub⁓soil in relation to crop yield. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XIII. 403/2 Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O)..are important nutrients for all organisms. Ibid. 407/2 Lists of nutrients—both organic and inorganic—required by plants and animals. Ibid., Essential nutrients include many amino acids, some fatty acids, many vitamins, and some minerals and trace elements.
2. Comb. nutrient-poor, nutrient-rich adjs.
1946Nature 21 Sept. 421/2 In the nutrient-rich waters of the Thames type, a burst of algal growth may sometimes cease before any serious depletion of the mineral nutrient in the water has apparently taken place. 1955New Biol. XVIII. 115 N. alba occupies a wide range of waters in the British Isles, from the oligotrophic, or nutrient-poor, peat-bottomed moorland lakes in Scotland and Ireland, to the eutrophic, or nutrient-rich, fen-lodes and broads of East Anglia. 1967Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. V. 108 Massive upward displacement of nutrient-rich water on to the shelf may occur a few times in a century. |