| 释义 |
▪ I. nickname, n.|ˈnɪkneɪm|
Also 5 neke-, 6–7 nicke-, 6 nyck(e-, 7 nic-.
[Later form of eke-name: see N 3.]
A name or appellation added to, or substituted for, the proper name of a person, place, etc., usually given in ridicule or pleasantry.
c1440Promp. Parv. 352/2 Neke name, or eke name, agnomen. 1530Palsgr. 248/1 Nyckename, brocquart. 1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 378, I shoulde here call Tindall by another name:..it were no nyck name at all. 1567Harman Caveat (1869) 77 Men haue geuen all these nycke names to the places aboue sayde. 1617Moryson Itin. ii. 63 James Fitz-thomas..was by a nicke-name called the Suggon Earle. 1674R. Godfrey Inj. & Ab. Physic 138 Yee Independents, or yee Anabaptists, or yee Quakers, (which are all but Nick names). 1710Addison Tatler No. 226 ⁋4 He unfortunately got the Nickname of the Squeaking Doctor. 1789Brand Newcastle II. 313 note, Very improperly called cappers, a nick-name by which they are styled in some printed poll-books. 1806–7J. Beresford Miseries Hum. Life (1826) vi. 118 A name for a stage coach which beats..every other English nick-name out of the field. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. i. I. 15 His own countrymen called him by a Saxon nickname. 1874Burnand My Time xxii. 201 He had an absurd nickname for every boy in the house.
Comb.1888Spectator 18 Feb. 239/2 Disraeli, senior, is an inexhaustible nickname-maker.
b. A familiar form of a Christian name.
1605Camden Rem. 114 From Nicknames or Nursenames, came these..Bill for William, Clem for Clement. 1837Dickens Pickw. xvi, A wery good name it [sc. Job] is; only one, I know, that ain't got a nickname to it.
Hence ˈnicknameless a., having no nickname.
1894J. Menzies Our Town xi. 115 John O'Meara, a nick⁓nameless native of the Emerald Isle.
▪ II. ˈnickname, v.
[f. the n.]
1. trans. To call by an incorrect or improper name; to misname.
1536Rem. Sedition 2 A certayne commune welth..whiche if we baptyse righte and not nycke name it, we must nedes call a comon wo. 1580Lupton Sivqila 53 Are they called good men with you, that are stoute fighters?..Then surely they nickname them, unlesse evil be good. 1602Shakes. Ham. iii. i. 151 You lispe, and nickname Gods creatures. 1655W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. i. 26 When we leave out this syllable All, we nick-name God, and call him by his creatures' name. 1680Hickeringill Curse ye Meroz 5 It is (so) styled in this Text by the Spirit of God that Nick-names nothing. 1817Coleridge Biog. Lit. (Bohn) 117 That compendious philosophy, which..contrives a theory of spirit by nicknaming matter. 1871Earle Philol. Eng. Tongue (1880) §107 The French and Germans have named the vowels, but the English have nick-named them.
b. With complement. Also with as, so.
1548Turner Names Herbes D iij b, Isatis, in english wad, & not Ode as some corrupters of the englishe tonge do nikename it. 1599Broughton's Let. vii. 23 Which..the Apostle [calls]..ψευδωνυµονγνωσιν knowledge so nicknamed. 1621Quarles Div. Poems, Esther (1638) 117 Divine directions, Which oft (unseen through dulnesse of the mind) We nick-name Chance. 1656G. Collier Answ. 15 Quest. 25 Publick sacramental examination is nick-named private popish confession. 1775Romans Florida App. 72 You will see..a watch-house (nick-named a fort). 1813Shelley Q. Mab iii. 32 The fool Whom courtiers nickname monarch. 1824Byron Juan xv. xix, With no great care for what is nicknamed glory.
†c. To mention by mistake; to assert wrongly to be something. Obs. rare.
1588Shakes. L.L.L. v. ii. 349 King. The vertue of your eie must breake my oth. Q. You nick-name vertue: vice you should haue spoke. 1665Manley Grotius' Low C. Wars 548 For preventing Princes of that sort of Dominion, which is nicknamed to be Power given them by Heaven.
2. To give a nickname to (one); to call by a nickname.
1567–9Jewel Def. Apol. (1611) 20 S. Hierome..nick⁓nameth S. Ambrose, sometimes calling him Coruus, sometimes Cornicula. 1589R. Harvey Plain Perc. (1590) 8, I will nicke-name no bodie: I am none of these tuft mockadoo mak-a-dooes. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 162 The Gowers that people it; nick-nam'd from their Idolatry. 1700J. A. Astry tr. Saavedra-Faxardo I. 116 Alphonso, who was Nick-named from his broken Hands. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. I. xxix. 383 They nicknamed and adopted all of us as members of their fraternity.
b. With complement. Also with as, so.
1577Stanyhurst Descr. Irel. i. in Holinshed (1587) 9/2 Whoso surpasseth others either in cauilling sophistrie, or subtile philosophie, is forthwith nicke named a Duns. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. i. 255 marg., Nick-named John Lack-land. 1656Heylin Extraneus Vapulans 227 The bitternesse of his Style against those poor men whom he so nick-nameth. 1728Morgan Algiers II. iv. 264 A notable Turkish Corsair, by the Spaniards nick-named Cacha-Diablo, i.e. Drub-Devil. 1760Wesley Wks. (1872) XIII. 388 They were soon nicknamed Methodists. 1825Bentham Ration. Reward 41 You shall not be nicknamed projectors by the idle and the incapable. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. viii. II. 281 The satirists of the age nicknamed him Lord Allpride. 1894J. T. Fowler Adamnan Introd. 42 The Roman party nicknamed it Simon Magus's tonsure.
Hence ˈnicknamed ppl. a., ˈnicknaming vbl. n. Also ˈnicknameable a., that can be nicknamed. nicknaˈmee, one to whom a nickname is given.
1618Sir S. D'Ewes Autobiog. (1845) I. 120 The common nick-naming and scoffing at religion. 1664H. More Myst. Iniq. xiv. 161 The nick-naming of the true Christians by the odious Title of Hereticks. 1677W. Hughes Man of Sin ii. v. 98 Come, ye..Heathens, and learn Idolatry from those Nick-nam'd Christians. 1794C. Pigott Female Jockey Club p. xxxv, Half a dozen Irish Chairmen..drove this nicknamed heaven-born Minister before them. 1888Spectator 18 Feb. 239/2 No matter how obscure the nick⁓namer and nicknamee may be. 1898L. Stephen Stud. Biogr. II. iv. 144 A man who is ‘nicknameable’ must be a good fellow. |