| 释义 |
New Aˈcademy
Also new Academy.
[academy 2.]
A name given to schools of philosophy founded in Athens by the successors of Plato as Heads of the Academy and developing some of its principles, spec. (a) that founded by Arcesilaus (316/15–242/1 b.c.) in the third century b.c. (now more usually called Middle Academy); (b) (more usually) that founded in the second century b.c. by Carneades of Cyrene (214/13–129/8 b.c.) and developing the mainly sceptical philosophy of Arcesilaus. Also attrib. So New Acaˈdemic n. and a.
1659T. Stanley tr. Sextus Empiricus's Pyrr. Hyp. in Hist. Philos. III. iv. 33 Those of the new Academy, though they say all things are incomprehensible, differ from the Scepticks... Now the new Academicks, before Phantasie which is simply credible, preferre that which is credible and circumcurrent. 1702S. Parker tr. Cicero's De Finibus v. 280 For all that, I'll venture to dissuade you from following the new Academicks, and bespeak you in behalf of the Old ones. 1744W. Guthrie tr. Cicero's Morals p. v, It was by Sincerity alone that the New Academy could hope to recommend that Moderation which was their peculiar Distinction. Ibid., Thus, The New Academic, by admitting a Degree of Comprehension, preserv'd a Principle of Agency. Ibid. 321 This they call'd the new Academy, tho' it appears to me to be the old one, at least we may look upon Plato to have been of the old. 1853C. D. Yonge tr. Cicero's Academic Questions p. xxix, Arcesilaus, or Arcesilas, flourished about b.c. 280... On the death of Crantor he succeeded to the chair of the Academy, in the doctrines of which he made so many innovations that he is called the founder of the New Academy. 1856W. A. Butler Lect. on Hist. of Ancient Philosophy II. iv. i. 318 The sceptical side of Platonism represented by the New Academy, the doctrinal by the Neo-platonists. 1874J. S. Reid Cicero's Academica p. lvi, Cicero..merely attaches Philo's name to those general New Academic doctrines which had been so brilliantly supported by the pupil of Clitomachus in his earlier days. 1902Baldwin Dict. Philos. & Psychol. II. 496/2 The New Academy, under Philo of Larissa (about 100 b.c.) and Antiochus, turned to dogmatism and eclecticism. 1946F. C. Copleston Hist. Philos. I. xxxviii. 414 The founder of the Third or New Academy was Carneades of Cyrene. 1967P. Merlan in Cambr. Hist. Later Greek & Early Medieval Philos. 61 Plutarch even has kind words for the scepticism of the New Academy. |