| 释义 |
negotiation|nɪgəʊʃɪˈeɪʃən|
Also 6–9 negoci-.
[ad. L. negōtiātiōn-em, noun of action f. negōtiāre: see prec. and -ation. Cf. F. négociation (14th c., Oresme).]
1.
†a. A matter of private occupation or business; a business transaction. Obs.
c1580G. Harvey Letter-bk. (Camden) 142 If any negotiation requires advizements, None more than matrimony. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) II. 37 Falling into infirmities as he follows his worldly negotiations. 1685Petty Will p. iii, Exhorting them to improve the same [estate] by no worse negociations. a1704T. Brown Praise Poverty Wks. 1730 I. 102 There is no need of money in any negotiation with me.
transf.1662More Philos. Writ. Pref. Gen. (1712) 9 Which though Aristotle mainly appropriates to external Affairs, I must..transfer also to the Negotiations of the Mind.
†b. Trading, traffic. Obs.
1601Holland Pliny I. 109 The towne..is now decayed..and the traffique and negotiation in all affaires turned from thence. 1622Malynes Anc. Law-Merch. 2 The vse of trusting, exchanging, and trading;..both for fishing and negotiation. 1669Gale Crt. Gentiles i. i. viii. 42 The Phenicians..possessed themselves of the sea coasts, the better to carry on their negotiation.
†c. Occupation, exercise. Obs. rare—1.
1628Feltham Resolves ii. xlviii. 141 How bright does the Soule grow with use and negotiation!
2. A process or course of treaty with another (or others) to obtain or bring about some result, esp. in affairs of state. Freq. in pl.
1579Fenton Guicciard. Ep. Ded., The high negociations and emploiments which he managed long time vnder great Princes. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. iii. iii. 24 Their negotiations all must slacke, Wanting his mannage. 1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. i. §104 He was sent..to treat about the restitution of the Palatinate: in which Negociation he behaved himself with great Prudence. 1709Steele Tatler No. 105 ⁋2 During the Negotiation for his Enlargement, I had an Opportunity of acquainting myself with his History. 1769Robertson Chas. V, vi. Wks. 1813 VI. 85 The pope continued his negociations for convoking a general council. 1828D'Israeli Chas. I, I. iv. 90 The long negociation of a political marriage was terminated by a war. 1877Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. ii. 18 The archbishop..employed him afterwards in the most confidential negotiations.
3. The action or business of negotiating or making terms with others.
1614Raleigh Hist. World iii. (1634) 112 Supposing, that by his great skill in subtile negotiation he should..circumvent the Greeks. 1779Johnson Wks. IV. 546 Finding negociation thus ineffectual. 1798Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1837) I. 6 The established channels of peaceable negotiation. 1836Thirlwall Greece xxv. III. 365 Phæax possessed talents well suited for negotiation. 1845S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. II. 253 To appoint time and place for an interview for the purpose of negotiation.
b. With possessive pronouns. Now rare or Obs.
1597R. Cecil in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. III. 43 His negotiation tendeth to a proposition of peace. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1638) 62 These Embassadors had at length brought their negotiation to..good passe. 1695Congreve Love for L. i. ii, Sir, if you don't like my negotiation, will you be pleased to answer these yourself? 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) V. 101 Frustrate not Captain Tomlinson's negociation. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. xix. II. 152 The progress of their negociation was opposed and defeated.
4. The action of getting over or round some obstacle by skilful manœuvring.
1885Sat. Rev. 28 Nov. 706 Courses which required what in some curious way has come to be called ‘negotiation’. 1898St. James's Gaz. 15 Nov. 6/1 They were said to attempt the negotiation of impossible obstacles, to their own imminent risk. |