| 释义 |
▪ I. nave, n.1|neɪv|
Forms: α. 1 nabæ, nafa, nafu, 4–5 nafe, 4–7 naue, (5 nawe), 4– nave. β. 4 naf, 4, 9 naff, (9 knaff), 5–7 naffe.
[OE. nafu fem., nafa masc. = MDu. nave (naef, naf; Du. naaf), MLG. nave, OHG. naba, napa (G. nabe), ON. naf-, nǫf (Sw. naf, Da. nav):—Comm. Teut. *naƀō related to Lett. naba navel, OPruss. nabis, Skr. nābhi, nābha nave and navel.]
1. a. The central part or block of a wheel, into which the end of the axle-tree is inserted, and from which the spokes radiate; a hub.
αc725Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) M 256 Modioli, habæ [for nabæ; Epinal nabæ, Erfurt nebæ]. c888K. ælfred Boeth. xxxix. §7 Þæt hweol hwerfð ymbutan & sio nafu next þære eaxe. Ibid., Þa spacan..bioð þeah fæste on ðære nafe, & se nafa on ðære eaxe. 1382Wyclif 1 Kings vii. 33 The spokys, and the felijs, and the naue, alle ȝoten. c1386Chaucer Sompn. T. 562 Than shal this cherl..sette him on the wheel right of this cart, Upon the nave. c1440Promp. Parv. 351/2 Nave of a qwele, modius, et modiolus. a1548Hall Chron., Rich. III 25 b, Blew veluet embroudered with the naues of Cartes burnyng of gold. 1598Chapman Iliad v. 734 The naves, in which the spokes were driven, were all with silver bound. 1679Cocks Forest & Fruit-Trees a 2 Eighty pair of Naves were made out of it. 1720Pope Iliad xxiii. 412 The wheel's round naves appear to brush the goal. a1774Goldsm. Surv. Exp. Philos. (1776) I. 282 Such as in the nave of a wheel, in the axle of a pulley, and such like. 1803Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1837) I. 434 Four carriages, for 6 pounders, with brass naves, are preparing. 1838Civ. Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 384/2 The naves of the paddles are of wrought iron. 1877W. Jones Finger-ring 22 The cart-wheels sank up to their naves.
β1388–9Durham Acc. Rolls 391 In factura unius par. rotarum cum ij par. de naffs. 1393–4Ibid. 392 Pro rotis, nafs, et alia husbanderia. 1483Cath. Angl. 248/1 A Naffe of a qwele, meditulium, modiolus. 1593R. Barnes Parthen. in Arb. Garner V. 403 An orient jet which did not move, To Cupid's chariot wheel, made for the naffe, Was fixed. 1653G. Daniel Idyll iii. 56 Whip vp and downe The grateing Orbes; all in a tracke, t'enflame Their Naffes drye-worne. 1796W. Marshall Yorksh. (ed. 2) II. 334. 1824 in Cumbld. Gloss. (1899) 221/1 Wheels with naffs (naves), spokes and felloes. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss. 1873–in north. dial. glossaries (Northumb., Cumb., Yks.).
b. attrib. and Comb., as nave-band, nave-box, nave-deep, nave-hole, nave-hoop, nave-shaped, nave-stock; nave plate = hub-cap.
1388Wyclif 1 Kings vii. 33 The extrees, and the naue stockis [v.r. nauelstockis], and the spokis..were ȝotun. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp. s.v., It is bound at each end with hoops of iron, called the nave-bands. 1802James Milit. Dict., Nave-boxes were formerly made of brass. Ibid., Nave-hoops are flat iron rings to bind the nave. 1839Lindley Bot. (ed. 3) 454 Nave-shaped. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 493 Nave-hole, the hole in the centre of a gun⁓truck for receiving the end of the axle-tree. 1876Voyle & Stevenson Milit. Dict. 269/1 The nave-box is made of gun⁓metal. 1882E. Arnold Pearls of Faith xxiii. (1883) 84 Through foeman's blood nave-deep he drave his wheel. 1962Which? Car Suppl. Apr. 67/1 The Austin A60 had a grease gun, nave plate remover and box spanner. 1968Radio Times 13 June 29/3 A rattle from the tail end [of a car],..sounding..like a loose wheel nut bouncing about inside the nave plate.
†2. ? The navel. Obs. rare—1.
1605Shakes. Macb. i. ii. 22 Braue Macbeth..neu'r shooke hands, nor bad farwell to him, Till he vnseam'd him from the Naue to th' Chops.
▪ II. nave, n.2|neɪv|
[= Sp. and It. nave, ad. L. nāvem, acc. of nāvis ship: see also nef.]
The main part or body of a church, extending from the inner door to the choir or chancel, and usually separated from the aisle on each side by pillars.
1673Ray Journ. Low C. 261 A double isle on each side of the Nave. 1682N. O. Boileau's Lutrin iii. 63 With equal pace the Temples Nave they measure! 1726Ayliffe Parergon 169 It comprehends the whole Church, viz. the Nave or Body of the Church together with the Chancel. 1791Mrs. Radcliffe Rom. Forest ii, From this chapel he passed into the nave of the great Church. 1823Byron Island iv. vii, The fretted pinnacle, the aisle, the nave, Were there. 1859Jephson Brittany ii. 15 The massive pillars of the nave have a solemn and grand effect. a1878Sir G. Scott Lect. Archit. (1879) I. 52 Let us suppose it applied to the nave of a basilica in place of the timber roof.
attrib. and Comb.1850T. Inkersley Styles Archit. France 311 The windows opened in the nave-aisle walls. 1883Farrar in Pall Mall G. 27 Dec. 2/2 The nave services of all our great cathedrals are the results of this experiment.
Hence nave v., trans. to make like a nave.
1820Shelley in Medwin Convers. Byron (1824) I. 19 Follow the graceful curve of the palaces on the Lung' Arno till the arch is naved by the massy dungeon-tower.
▪ III. † nave
have not: see ne and have v. A. 9. Obs.
See also nabbe, nad, nas.
c950Lindisf. Gosp. John iv. 17 Uel ðu cuede þætte nafu [ic] wer. 971Blickl. Hom. 31 He næniᵹe mehte wið us nafað. a1000Andreas 311 (Gr.), Nafast þe to frofre..hlafes wiste? c1175Lamb. Hom. 29 Nauest þu nefre milce of heofenlic drihten. c1230Hali Meid. 5 Ha naueð nawt freo of hire seluen. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 8223 Y naue no wyt To open þe knottes þat Merlyn knyt. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. i. 157 Ȝe naue no more merit in masse ne in houres. c1420Chron. Vilod. st. 288 Y naue nouther wytte ny space All here godenesse forto wryte.
▪ IV. nave
obs. f. navy, obs. or dial. f. nieve, fist. |