| 释义 |
Muslim, n. and a.|ˈmʊzlɪm, ˈmʌzlɪm, ˈmʌs-|
Also 7–9 Moslim, 8– Moslem |ˈmɒzləm|, 9 (Mooslim).
[a. Arab. muslim, active pple. of aslama, of which the noun of action is islām: see Islam.]
A. n. One who professes Islam; a Muhammadan; in mod. use spec. = Black Muslim.
1615Bedwell Arab. Trudg., Moslim, or Mussliman,..is one that is instructed in the beleefe of the Mohammetanes. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. lviii. VI. 48 The Moslems soon found, that..resistance was impotent. 1816Byron Siege Cor. ii, The crescent shines Along the Moslem's leaguering lines. 1836Lane Mod. Egypt. I. iii. 97 The public worship of the Mooslims. 1841― Arab. Nts. I. 59 The Muslim holds that he is to be admitted into heaven only by the mercy of God, on account of his faith. 1877J. E. Carpenter tr. Tiele's Hist. Relig. 99 The severe asceticism in which the Moslims were soon to rival Christians and Buddhists. 1903G. W. Forrest Cities of India iii. 66 All the Muslim wants is a courtyard with a tank for ablution [etc.]. 1955Times 3 May 9/4 Lahore witnessed the astonishing sight of hundreds of Sikhs of all people being fêted by Muslims. 1961[see Black Muslim s.v. black a. 19]. 1969Sunday Standard (Bombay) 3 Aug. 1/8 The promised equal opportunities to Buddhists and Muslims in Ladakh had not materialised so far. 1971Black Scholar June 52/1 Submission to democratic centralism instead of the egoism that sent him first against his Muslims. 1972J. Mills Report to Commissioner 120 They [sc. Black Panthers] aren't like the Muslims. 1973Jewish Chron. 9 Feb. 11/2 The basic credo of the Muslims is a hatred of Whites.
¶ The form Moslemin [repr. the Arab. pl. (oblique case) muslimīn] is sometimes used for the plural, and occasionally in error for the singular (with a pl. Moslemins). Some writers have employed the singular form as a plural or collective.
1819T. Hope Anastasius (1820) I. i. 10 Upon this principle they cringed to the ground to every Moslemin they met. Ibid. ii. 41 The lion at whose roar Moslemen trembled. 1836Lytton Athens (1837) II. 147 They might have..seen that opening paradise in immortality below, which the Moslemin beheld in anticipation above. 1840Macaulay Ess., Clive (1897) 512 The recurrence of this solemn season excites the fiercest and saddest emotions in the bosoms of the devout Moslem of India. 1840Carlyle Heroes ii. 104 All Moslem are bound to study it [the Koran]. 1847Disraeli Tancred v. iv, The Ansarey..are not Moslemin. 1854Milman Lat. Chr. iv. ii. (1864) II. 209 Jonas..led the conquering Moslemins in pursuit of the fugitives from Damascus. 1905Mission. Rec. United Free Ch. Jan. 23/2 A few Muslim and Hindus..were also present.
B. adj.
a. Of or pertaining to the Muslims; Muhammadan.
1777J. Richardson Dict. Persian, Arab., etc., Dissert. 24/2 An open scoffer at the Moslem faith. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. lxiv. VI. 294 The most powerful of the Moslem princes. 1812Byron Ch. Har. ii. lxiv, The pilgrim..gazed around on Moslem luxury. 1841E. Robinson Bibl. Res. Palestine I. 352 The tract around this tank [the Upper Pool]..is occupied as a Muslim cemetery. 1877A. B. Edwards Up Nile ii. 25 The mosque of Sultan Hassan,..perhaps the most beautiful in the Moslem world. 1905Athenæum 7 Jan. 15/3 Whereof the Muslim writers..of course say nothing. 1907Sir W. M. Ramsay in Expositor Oct. 318 The lower town is now purely Moslem. 1968E. African Law Jrnl. IV. 17 The establishment of special courts to deal exclusively with Muslim law is peculiar in East Africa to Kenya and Zanzibar. 1970Times 3 Apr. (Arab League Suppl.) p. iii/1 The Indians are the only large non-Muslim group, besides Christian Arabs and Europeans.
¶ The plural form Moslemin (see A) occurs appositively or as adj.
1844Disraeli Coningsby iv. x, The Moslemin Arabs.
b. Muslim (or Moslem) League, in full All India Muslim League, a Muslim political organization founded in India in 1906 whose demands in 1940 for an independent Muslim state led to the establishment of Pakistan; so Muslim Leaguer.
1907Times 2 Jan. 3/1 Resolved [on 30 Dec. 1906], that this meeting, composed of Musulmans from all parts of India, assembled at Dacca, decides that a political association be formed, styled the All India Moslem League. 1913Times 31 Oct. 7/4 The All-India Moslem League..Mr. Ameer Ali has tendered his resignation of the presidentship of the London All-India Moslem League..and his Highness the Aga Khan..will retire from the headship of the League in India. 1955Times 7 July 9/2 The Muslim League did not win a majority, but remains the largest single party. 1971Hindustan Times Weekly (New Delhi) 4 Apr. 7/1 Besides the Congress (N)..it includes such disparate elements as..the Muslim League. 1972Guardian 5 Feb. 11/5 Muslim Leaguers are helpless now.
Hence Musˈlimic a. = Muslim a.; ˈMuslimism, the religion of the Muslims, Islam, Muhammadanism; ˈMuslimite = Muslim n. (in quot. used as adj.); ˈMuslimize v. trans., to convert to Muslimism, hence ˈMuslimized ppl. a.
1777J. Richardson Dict. Persian, Arab., etc., Dissert. 6/1 Moslemism. a1835Motherwell Poet. Wks. (1847) 71 On thunders the might Of the Moslemite war. 1845E. Warburton Crescent & Cross I. 310 These captives are all christians when caught, but are immediately Moslemised. 1872T. L. Cuyler Heart-Th. 82 Christ is in the Missionary Church. He is not in heathenism, or in Moslemism, or in Rome. 1898Daily Chron. 25 Feb. 6/3 Colonel Trotter remarked that the Moslemized towns were in advance of the pagan. 190319th Cent. Mar. 387 The countries and peoples of the Moslemic East. |