| 释义 |
▪ I. mover1|ˈmuːvə(r)|
Also 4 moevere, 4–5 mever, 6 meever, Sc. movar, 6–7 moover.
[f. move v. + -er1; cf. OF. mo(u)veor, mo(u)veur.]
1. One who moves or sets in motion. Applied esp. to God, as moving the universe; also First Mover (cf. 2 a).
c1384Chaucer H. Fame i. 81 He that mouer ys of alle. c1386― Knt.'s T. 2129 The firste moeuere of the cause aboue. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iii. iii. 19 Oh thou eternall mouer of the heauens. 1667Milton P.L. vii. 500 Now Heav'n..rowld Her motions, as the great first-Movers hand First wheeld thir course. 1772Priestley Inst. Relig. (1782) I. 10 How could these atoms move without a mover. 1817J. Scott Paris Revisit. (ed. 4) 120 The whole dreadful machine [sc. the army] was now in motion,—..the eye of the mover superintending and understanding all. 1879D. L. Shepherd Liturg. Year I. iii. 11 The soul yields herself up..to the impulse of the divine Mover.
2. Something which sets in motion or actuates.
a. first mover, in mediæval astronomy = first motor, primum mobile. Also fig.
1586T. B. La Primaud. Fr. Acad. i. (1594) 72 From the tower of the highest heaven, called the first moover, unto the center of the earth. 1617Bacon Sp. in Star-Chamber Resusc. (1657) 87 Do therefore, as they [sc. the planets] do; Move alwayes and be carried, with the Motion of your first Mover, which is your Soveraign. 1676Dryden State Innoc. iv. i, So Orbs, from the first Mover, Motion take.
b. A machine or mechanical agency which imparts motion. first mover: an initial source, natural or mechanical, of motive power; spec. a machine which receives and modifies motive power supplied by some natural source. See also prime mover.
1654J. Owen Doctr. Saints Persev. v. §5. 113 In your Automata, there is one originall spring or wheele, that giveth motion to sundry lesser and subordinate movers. 1711W. Sutherland Shipbuild. Assist. 108 The Main-mast is the first Mover. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 402 When a fly is used merely as a regulator, it should be near the first mover. 1845Encycl. Metrop. VIII. 88/1 Of water as a first mover.
fig.1788Jefferson Writ. 1859 II. 471 The treasury became literally moneyless and all purposes depending on this mover, came to a stand.
†c. A cause (of). Obs.
1611Shakes. Cymb. i. v. 9 These most poysonous compounds, Which are the moouers of a languishing death.
3. a. One who incites or instigates to action; one who promotes or originates (an action, etc.). Sometimes first mover (cf. 2 a, b) and prime mover.
1497Bp. Alcock Mons Perfect. A iij, The pryncipal & fyrst meuer to vertue in our soules. 1513More in Grafton Chron. (1568) II. 776 The Duke was the first moouer of the Protector to thys matter. 1578Reg. Privy Council Scotl. III. 20 The movaris of his majestie to attempt the same governament..hes sensyne..dissobeyit his majesteis chairgis. 1704De Foe in 15th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. iv. 83 Providence, which I humbly recognize as the first mover of your thoughts in my favour. 1711Swift Jrnl. to Stella 22 Apr., They will want him prodigiously in the House of Commons, of which he is the great mover. 1838Thirlwall Greece IV. xxvii. 17 The chief movers of the rebellion made their escape. 1826Disraeli Viv. Grey iii. i, Who is the mover of the party?
b. spec. One who moves a proposition or proposal in a deliberative assembly.
1737Gentl. Mag. VII. 525/1 Therefore we must suppose, that without any Regard to the Mover, the Parliament approved of the Motion. 1795Windham Speeches Parl. 27 May (1812) I. 268 The house had now heard the reasons urged by the Honourable Mover and Seconder, in support of a motion so extraordinary. 1876Bancroft Hist. U.S. V. lxix. 317 In the absence of the mover of the resolution, the eyes of everyone turned towards its seconder, John Adams.
4. A person or thing that moves or is in motion. Now chiefly of an animal, with prefixed adj. indicating the manner or speed of his motion or ‘going’.
1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 368 O fairest mouer on this mortall round. 1597J. S. Guistard & Sismond ii. C 3, O slow malicious meeuer, thou cursed Saturne. 1736Butler Anal. i. i. 22 Nor is there any Ground to think..that his Eyes are the Seers or his Feet the Movers. 1895J. G. Millais Breath fr. Veldt (1899) 157 Though elegant in form, this buck is but a poor mover.
5. U.S. One who is ‘on the move’ or flitting from one place to another; spec. a person migrating westwards; a tenant farmer who moves on after exhausting the fertility of a piece of land.
1810M. van H. Dwight Journey to Ohio (1912) 47 We are..near a tavern which is fill'd with movers & waggoners. 1822J. Flint Lett. Amer. 53 The other tavern was so completely thronged with movers, that [etc.]. 1849Lyell 2nd Visit U.S. (1850) II. 109 On board were many ‘movers’ going to Texas with their slaves. 1878J. H. Beadle Western Wilds xx. 327 Reluctantly the ‘movers’ consented to his remaining for the night. 1913J. London Valley of Moon 434 The ‘movers’..lease, clean out and gut a place in several years, and then move on. 1944W. Blair Tall Tale America 100 Instead of selling the seedlings from these nurseries..he'd..give them to the movers—free. 1945J. L. Marshall Santa Fe 230 ‘Boomers’ and ‘movers’ tried again and again to take up land, filtering down from Kansas and up from Texas along the Santa Fe track.
6. A remover; one whose business it is to move furniture and other household goods, from one residence to another. N. Amer.
1838, etc. [see house-mover s.v. house n.1 24]. 1894Boston Directory 1944 J. W. Cook & Son,..movers of pianofortes, furniture, etc. Ibid. 1947 T. G. Buckley, piano and furniture mover. 1956W. H. Whyte Organization Man (1957) 286 It's a hell of a day—the kids are crying..and the movers won't be finished till late. 1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 3 Feb. 3/9 ‘The honorable gentleman will be glad to know that I will be getting out as soon as I can get a mover,’ the Prime Minister replied.
7. Chess. With prefixed numeral, denoting a problem in which the king is to be mated in a specified number of moves.[Two-, three-mover, etc., are properly distinct words, f. numeral + move n. + -er1.] 1900Westm. Gaz. 14 Apr. 3/3 A three-mover by Loyd which we consider a remarkable composition.
▪ II. † mover2 Obs.
In office of mover = amobreship, mobarship.
1473Rolls of Parlt. VI. 86/1 Th' office of mover within Dynbiegh Land in Wales. |