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▪ I. estimate, n.|ˈɛstɪmət|
[ad. L. æstimāt-us (only in abl.), vbl. n. f. æstimāre: see esteem, estimate, vbs.]
†1.
a. The action of valuing or appraising; a valuation; lit. and fig. to make no estimate of: to make no account of, not to value.
b. The price at which anything is rated; fig. attributed value. Obs.
Shakespeare's to have estimate in (quot. 1601), seems to mean ‘to have a claim to be considered in the valuation of’.
1563Golding Cæsar vi. 158 They make an estimate of their own goods and lay so muche in valew therevnto. 1594Southwell M. Magd. Fun. Teares 92 Love..doubleth the estimate of things that are precious. 1600Dekker Gentle Craft 33 Of my love he makes no estimate. 1601Shakes. All's Well ii. i. 183 Thy life is deere, for all that life can rate Worth name of life, in thee hath estimate. 1607― Timon i. i. 14 If he will touch the estimate. 1611Cotgr. s.v. Donner, Hee that giues quickly..Doubles th' estimate of his gift. 1622Callis Stat. Sewers (1824) 26 My Ship..is returned to your Shores, furnished..with Merchandize of several estimates. 1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wks. i. 106/2 They are of farre more estimate and price Than th' Estrich, or the bird of Paradise. a1674Clarendon Surv. Leviath. (1676) 227 The high estimate they have made of the joies of Heaven. 1677Hale Contempl. ii. 90 They will soon lose their Estimate and Delight.
†c. Repute, reputation. Obs.
1593Shakes. Rich. II, ii. iii. 56 There stands the Castle..And in it are the Lords of Yorke, Barkely, and Seymor, None else of Name, and noble estimate. 1607― Cor. iii. iii. 114 My deere Wiues estimate. 1657J. Pettus in Loveday's Lett. (1663) A 4 a, Seneca's and Cicero's Epistles have escap'd: may Loveday's have the same success and estimate.
2. An approximate judgement based on considerations of probability, respecting the number, amount, magnitude, or position of anything; the quantity assigned by such a judgement.
1630E. Pagitt Christianogr. i. ii. (1636) 38 There was an old estimate made of Germany..that..there was not past one twelfth part of it remaining Catholicke. 1669Boyle Contn. New Exp. i. xxxiv. (1682) 118 Drawn up (by our æstimate) about two inches and a half. 1702R. Nelson in Pepys' Diary VI. 256 There is a design of building a Church..which by estimate will cost [etc.]. 1709Berkeley Th. Vision §3 The estimate we make of the distance of objects. 1846McCulloch Acc. Brit. Empire (1854) II. 523 In forming any estimate of the total or yearly value of lands and houses. 1860Maury Phys. Geog. Sea v. §294 This estimate as to the quantity of rain in the two hemispheres.
b. the estimates: accounts presented annually to Parliament, showing the probable amount of expenditure on the several administrative departments for the current year.
1732Gent. Mag. II. 881 The Accounts for the Year 1731 and Estimates of Charges on the Articles therein mention'd for the present Year. 1740Ld. Baltimore Ibid. X. 586 The Estimate of the Navy..is lower..than that which was laid before us the last Session. 1851H. Martineau Hist. Peace (1877) III. iv. xi. 87 The estimates were reduced half a million. 1887Daily News 25 July 5/2 The Estimates, in fact, should have a fixed appendix.
c. A statement furnished by a builder, contractor, or other tradesman, of the sum for which he is prepared to undertake the execution of a specified piece of work.
1796Hull Advertiser 14 May 2/2 Estimates to be given in on or before the 25th of May. 1829C. Welch Wesl. Polity 158 The various candidates for a contract deliver in estimates. 1857W. Collins Dead Secret (1861) 60, ‘I wish he had sent the estimate with it’ said Rosamond. 1878Print. Trades Jrnl. xxv. 5 The proprietor of a..weekly newspaper sought estimates for its cheaper production.
3. A judgement formed or expressed respecting the character or qualities of a person or thing, or respecting a state of affairs, etc.
1589Nashe Pref. Greene's Menaphon (Arb.) 7 Well may the Adage, Nil dectum quod non dictum prius, bee the most iudiciall estimate, of our latter Writers. a1704L'Estrange (J.), A true estimate upon the odds betwixt a publick and a private life. 1711Addison Spect. No. 257 ⁋9 Outward Actions can never give a just Estimate of us. 1816J. Scott Vis. Paris (ed. 5) 270 The estimate of the French character and condition, given in this volume, is an unfavourable one. 1858Froude Hist. Eng. IV. xviii. 31 This estimate both of interest and fitness varied from day to day.
b. Estimation; manner in which things are viewed.
1637R. Humfrey tr. S. Ambrose Pref., What is reputed good in the estimate of the world. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Aristocr. Wks. (Bohn) II. 84 The English barons, in every period, have been brave and great, after the estimate and opinion of their times. 1863Geo. Eliot Romola iii. xxv, He was not unaware that he had sunk a little in the estimate of the men who had accepted his services.
▪ II. estimate, v.|ˈɛstɪmeɪt|
Forms: 5–6 estymat(t, 7 æstimate, estimat, 6– estimate.
[f. L. æstimāt- ppl. stem of æstimāre, in class. L. = sense 1; in late L. also as in 1 b, 2–4. Cf. esteem.]
†1. trans. To assign a value to; to appraise, assess; to fix proportionately (penalties, wages, etc.). Const. at. Obs.
1611Bible Lev. xxvii. 14 As the Priest shall estimate it, so shall it stand. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. v. xiv. 255 If she were between the age of five and twenty, shee was to be estimated but at ten shekels. a1704Locke (J.), It is by the weight of silver.. that men estimate commodities. 1710Prideaux Orig. Tithes ii. 68 The wages are to be estimated according to the qualifications which are necessary in the person. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 118 ⁋9 To..estimate securities, and to engage for mortgages.
b. To value (subjectively); to attribute value to; to appreciate the worth of; to esteem, hold in (higher or lower) estimation.
1597Daniel Civ. Wares iv. iii, Their wisedome..Liue-dogges before dead Lyons estimates. 1651Jer. Taylor Clerus Dom. 6 Saul's messengers and Saul himselfe turned Prophets, that they might estimate the place and preserve its priviledge. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 172 ⁋8 It is difficult not to estimate what is lately gained above its real value.
2. To form an approximate notion of (the amount, number, magnitude, or position of anything) without actual enumeration or measurement; to fix by estimate at. Also with clause as obj.
1669Sturmy Mariners' Mag. i. 157 The Error is to be imputed..to the judgment in estimating the Distance run, in making it too little. a1687Petty Pol. Arith. (1690) 82 Some have estimated that there are not above Three hundred Millions of People in the whole World. 1765Maty in Phil. Trans. LV. 308 The difference of declination was only estimated. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) III. 143 By the rule of proportion, we may estimate his size at eight or nine feet. 1828J. H. Moore Pract. Navig. 16 Estimate 8 parts out of 20 of the next smaller division. 1848W. Bartlett Egypt to Pal. xiii. (1879) 286 One of our number..estimated that this valley would pasture a thousand cattle three months. 1855Prescott Philip II, I. ii. xii. 278 The amount of injury inflicted during this dismal period, it is not possible to estimate. 1885Manch. Exam. 6 July 4/7 The prosecutors estimate the defalcations at about 1,800l.
†3. To esteem, consider, judge (a thing to be so and so); with simple complement, or as. Obs. rare = esteem v. 5.
c1532G. Du Wes Introd. Fr. in Palsgr. 1066 We may make no greatter honour to God than to estymat him trew..nor greatter dishonour than to mystrust hym. 1654tr. Scudery's Curia Politiæ 69 Those who are interested will estimate us as their Liberators. 1794S. Williams Vermont 153 This may properly be estimated as a part of the Indian dress.
4. To gauge; to judge of, form an opinion of.
1651Hobbes Leviath. iii. xliii. 327 This article [that Jesus is the Christ] is the measure and rule by which to estimate, and examine all other Articles. 1665Boyle Occas. Refl. iii. vii, In estimating a Man's condition, we should not only consider what Possessions he has, but what Desires. 1692Locke 3rd Let. Toleration Wks. 1765 V. 215 The measure of punishments being to be estimated..by the length of their duration. 1768Johnson Pref. to Shaks. Wks. IX. 240 While an author is yet living, we estimate his powers by his worst performance. 1794Gouv. Morris in Sparks Life & Writ. (1832) III. 50 If it be just to judge a private man by his friends, it is not amiss to estimate a public officer by his foes. 1837Landor Pentameron Wks. 1846 II. 258 Bacon and Hooker could not estimate Shakespeare. 1878Morley Carlyle Crit. Misc. Ser. i. 201 To estimate the intention and sincerity of a movement.
▪ III. † ˈestimate, pa. pple. Obs. rare.
In 5 estymatt, 6 esteemate.
[ad. L. æstimāt-us, pa. pple. of æstimāre: see esteem.]
Used as pa. pple. of esteem or estimate.
c1425tr. T. à Kempis' Consol. ii. xi, Lete him not pondre gret, all þat may be estymatt gret. 1635W. Barriffe Mil. Discip. cx. (1643) 337 A Jem, more prizable and esteemate, then the best Armours of proofe. |