| 释义 |
▪ I. reply, n.|rɪˈplaɪ|
Also 6 replie, 7 replye.
[f. the vb.]
1. a. An answer or response in words or writing; also transf., a response made by a gesture, act, etc.
1560in Jewel's Wks. (1848) I. 66 The Reply of the Bishop of Sarum to the Letter above written. 1588Shakes. L.L.L. iv. i. 86 Thus expecting thy reply, I prophane my lips on thy foote. 1602― Ham. ii. ii. 212 How pregnant (sometimes) his Replies are! 1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. i. §66 The Earl..without any reply to the particulars, declared ‘that he neither cared for his Friendship, nor feared his Hatred’. 1665Glanvill Def. Van. Dogm. 75, I concluded my Reply with a Brevity that shews I am not fond of an occasion of Disputing. 1737Glover Leonidas iii. 277 Sparta's king This brief reply deliver'd from his seat. 1781Cowper Conversat. 877 Their wisdom bursts into this sage reply. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xxi, The King turned..with a look of triumph, at the filial affection which his son displayed in his reply. 1833Tennyson Lady Clara Vere de Vere 22 You sought to prove how I could love, And my disdain is my reply. 1855― Maud ii. iv. 30 The delight of happy laughter, The delight of low replies.
b. Without article.
1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. xix. (Arb.) 209 Symploche, or the figure of replie. 1595Shakes. John iii. iii. 49 If that thou couldst..Heare me without thine eares, and make reply Without a tongue. c1620A. Hume Brit. Tongue i. vii, Quherat al laughed, as if I had bene dryven from al replye. 1667Milton P.L. ii. 467 Thus saying rose The Monarch, and prevented all reply. 1725Pope Odyss. viii. 167 To whom with sighs Ulysses gave reply. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 176 ⁋8 The animadversions of critics are commonly such as may easily provoke the sedatest writer to some..asperity of reply. 1817Shelley Rev. Islam v. xix, At length one brought reply, that she To-morrow would appear. 1859Tennyson Geraint & Enid 817 That other flush'd And hung his head, and halted in reply.
transf.1817Shelley Rev. Islam ii. xvi, All bosoms made reply On which its lustre streamed. 1832Tennyson Œnone 141 Her full and earnest eye..Kept watch, waiting decision, made reply.
c. Mus. The answer or response in a fugue. (See also quot.)
1597Morley Introd. Mus. 105 When the principall (that is the thing as it is firste made) and the replie (that is it which the principall hauing the partes changed dooth make) are sung, changing the partes in such maner, as the highest part may be made the lowest.
d. attrib. and Comb., as reply-paid adj., reply post-card, reply-signal.
1884Graphic 30 Aug. 219/3 Reply Postcards can now be sent to Egypt. 1890Daily News 26 Feb. 2/1 The value of a reply-paid voucher will only be refunded to the sender of the original telegram. 1897P. Warung Tales Old Regime 101 The reply-signal came up the shaft. 1928E. Wallace Double xviii. 272 It was evidently, from the indicator, a reply-paid message. 1973Times 14 Mar. 4/6 In the present poll this outcome may well have been achieved by the retiring conservators distributing reply-paid proxy forms.
2. a. A counter-answer, a replication. (In later use only Sc. Law.)
1702C. Mather Magnalia vii. 16/2 §5 Unto those Answers the Synod gave Replies; and unto those Replies he gave Returns. 1719Waterland Vind. Christ's Div. Pref. A ij, Exchanging Papers, making Answers, Replies, and Rejoinders. 1777Acts Sederunt (1790) 592 Act concerning Replies. 1820Scott Abbot i, Answers, replies, duplies, triplies, quadruplies, followed thick upon each other.
b. A pleading by the plaintiff after the delivery of the defence; the final speech of Counsel in a trial.
1837in Carrington & Payne Rep. Cases Nisi Prius VII. 676 The counsel for the prosecution may re-examine the witness, and after the prisoner's counsel has addressed the jury, will be entitled to the reply. 1837Rex v. Stannard in Ibid. 675 C. Phillips waived his right of reply. 1875Act 38 & 39 Vict. c. 77 Sched. 1. §xxiv. 55 A plaintiff shall deliver his reply, if any, within three weeks after the defence or the last of the defences shall have been delivered, unless the time shall be extended by the Court or a Judge. 1898Criminal Evidence Act 61 & 62 Vict. c. 36 s. 3 In cases where the right of reply depends upon the question whether evidence has been called for the defence, the fact that the person charged has been called as a witness shall not of itself confer on the prosecution the right of reply. 1961L. F. Sturge Basic Rules Supreme Court xxiii. 62 The position is further confused by the fact that the Rules give the name ‘reply’ to what the legal profession is accustomed..to call a ‘defence to counterclaim’... The modern practice is to head the pleading ‘Reply and Defence to Counterclaim’ and to head each part respectively ‘Reply’ (meaning the equivalent of the common law replication) and ‘Defence to Counterclaim’. 1964Ld. Evershed et al. Atkin's Encycl. Court Forms (ed. 2) XXXII. 35 Pleadings subsequent to the reply still bear their ancient names: rejoinder, surrejoinder, rebutter and surrebutter, although modern rules do not refer to them by name. 1975I. H. Jacob Bullen & Leake's Precedents of Pleadings (ed. 12) ix. 109 No pleading subsequent to a reply or a defence to counterclaim may be served except with the leave of the court.
†3. ? Supply. Obs. rare—1.
1592Kyd Sol. & Pers. ii. i. 214 Guelp. Feare not for money, man, ile beare the Boxe. Iul. I haue some little replie, if neede require.
4. A signal sent by a transponder in response to interrogation. Also attrib., as reply pulse.
1945[see interrogate v. 4 a]. 1947L. N. Ridenour Radar System Engin. viii. 263 The replies may be made more complicated in a variety of ways for the purpose either of identifying the beacon or of using it as part of an auxiliary communication system. 1963R. S. H. Boulding Princ. Radar (ed. 7) xxii. 471 Measurement of the time from the commencement of the interrogating pulse to the receipt of the beginning of the reply pulse enables the distance between the aircraft and the beacon to be determined. 1965R. S. Berkowitz Mod. Radar i. ii. 12 When the radar interrogates a beacon and receives a reply whose power is fixed by the characteristics of the beacon transmitter, separate calculations are necessary for the out and back paths.
▪ II. reply, v.|rɪˈplaɪ|
Also 4 repplye, 4–7 replye, 5–6 replie.
[ad. OF. replier to fold again, turn back, reply (mod.F. replier to fold again, turn, coil):—L. replicāre: see replication.]
I.
1. a. intr. To answer or respond in words or writing. Also const. to, † against.
c1385Chaucer L.G.W. Prol. 343 Ȝe motyn herkenyn If he can replye A-geyns these poyntys that ȝe han to hym mevid. c1386― Merch. T. 365 Hym thoughte..That inpossible it were to repplye Agayn his choys. 1414Rolls of Parlt. IV. 57/1 To the whiche billes myne adversaries repleiden by mouthe and enfourmeden the Kyng..in that Parlement, how I was outlawed. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. ccxxxvi. 274 The archebysshop Thomas began to replye agayn the Kynges mynde. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 173 Here y⊇ enuyous and irous persone maketh sore contradiccyon, & replyeth, sayenge. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 94 The Protestantes do replie thus. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, v. v. 59 Reply not to me, with a Foole-borne Iest. 1610Heywood Gold. Age i. Wks. 1874 III. 14 He that next replyes, Mother or friend, by Saturnes fury dyes. 1665G. Havers P. della Valle's Trav. E. India 102 His Courtiers seeing him in this mood, would not reply further to him. 1735Pope Prol. Sat. 374 Full ten years slander'd, did he once reply? 1776Hume Own Life, I had fixed a resolution, which I inflexibly maintained, never to reply to anybody. 1797Mrs. Radcliffe Italian Prol., The friar did not immediately reply. 1855Tennyson Maud ii. iii. 7 Or if I ask thee why, Care not thou to reply. 1879M. Pattison Milton 76 Milton replies to these random charges by a lengthy account of himself.
fig.1601Shakes. All's Well ii. iii. 87 The honor sir that flames in your faire eyes, Before I speake too threatningly replies. 1714Pope Rape of Lock iii. 24 The Nymph exulting fills..the sky; The Walls, the Woods, and long Canals reply. 1785Cowper Task vi. 231 There is in souls a sympathy with sounds... Some chord in unison with what we hear is touched within us, and the heart replies. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. xiii. 92 If Nature does not reply to a question we throw it into another form. 1930R. Campbell Poems 9 Clear as a glass the day replies To every feature save her eyes.
†b. Const. upon a person or thing. Obs.
1579Tomson Calvin's Serm. Tim. 214/1 If a thing be once appointed by him who hath all power, let vs not replie vpon it. 1652Gaule Magastrom. 340 The king replyed upon him again, avouching [etc.]. a1731Atterbury Serm. (J.), We should find what reason Castalio's painter had to reply upon the cardinal, who blamed him [etc.].
c. To respond by some gesture, act, or performance; esp. to return gun-fire.
1818Shelley Rosal. & Helen 9, I see..thine eyes replying To the hues of yon fair heaven. 1829Sir W. Napier Penins. War viii. v. (Rtldg.) I. 398 The beseiged replied..sharply. 1842Tennyson Audley Court 55 He sang his song, and I replied with mine. 1893Daily News 25 July 4/6 Lancashire..scored 189 against Somersetshire, who replied with 90 for three wickets. 1894Ld. Wolseley Life Marlborough II. 175 A battery of eight guns opened on the fleet... The frigates replied.
2. To return a sound; to echo.
In early quots. merely a contextual use of sense 1.
1390Gower Conf. II. 282 What man that in the wodes crieth, Withoute faile Eccho replieth. 1588Shakes. Tit. A. ii. iii. 18 Whil'st the babling Eccho mocks the Hounds, Replying shrilly to the well-tun'd Hornes. 1712–14Pope Rape Lock iii. 100 The nymph exulting fills with shouts the sky; The walls, the woods, and long canals reply. 1809–10Shelley Bigotry's Victim i, Whilst India's rocks to his death-yells reply, Protracting the horrible harmony. 1847Tennyson Princ. iii. 358 Blow, let us hear the purple glens replying.
3. To make counter-answer; spec. in Law, to answer a defendant's plea; to make a replication.
1453Paston Lett. I. 260 To that that he hath aunsuerd y have replyed yn such wyse [etc.]. 1562Winȝet Wks. (S.T.S.) I. 2 Thre wryttingis deliuerit to the said Iohne, quhairin is replyit aganis his ansueris maid to ane part of the said thre questionis. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. xx. 309 The plaintiff may plead again, and reply to the defendant's plea. 1802James Milit. Dict. s.v., After the prisoner's defence before a court-martial the prosecutor..may reply. 1849J. L. Campbell Chief Justices Eng. II. xxxiii. 401 Lord Mansfield hesitated long about making the right to reply depend upon the giving of evidence by the defendant. 1923W. G. Russell Treatise on Crimes (ed. 8) II. 1835 If the defendant is undefended there is no right to sum up or reply if he calls no witnesses, whether he himself does or does not give evidence: but there is a right to reply if he calls a witness.
4. a. trans. To return as an answer; to say in reply. Const. to, † against, † upon.
c1412Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 1338 Natheless þou maist ageyn me replie, ‘To sum folk..Agayn pouert it is no remedye’. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 301 b, Nothynge answerynge ne replyenge agaynst theyr wronge and false accusacyons. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, iii. i. 28 Lords, vouch⁓safe To giue me hearing what I shall reply. 1611Bible Tobit ii. 14 But shee replyed vpon me, It was giuen for a gift. 1647Clarendon Hist. Reb. i. §29 He replyed that he could not think well of it. 1671Milton P.R. iv. 2 Perplex'd and troubl'd..The Tempter stood, nor had what to reply. 1751Eliza Heywood Betsy Thoughtless I. 86 ‘Ah! madam’, replied he,..‘where the heart is deeply affected’ [etc.]. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xlix. V. 123 To the importunities of the Greeks..he piously replied, that no human consideration should tempt him..to resume the gift which he had conferred. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xxxiv, ‘If there be any man willing to fight for honour’, replied MacGillie Chattanach, ‘the price will be enough’. 1885Jefferies Open Air (1893) 157 The man..replied nothing.
†b. To retort upon one. Obs. rare—1.
1513West in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. I. 72 He said..if ye did any thing to hym then it shuld not be honorable, which I replyed upon hym, sayeng that all the world knew that your Grace went in the Churches cause.
c. To return, re-echo (a cry).
1650R. Baron Fortune's Tennis Ball xviii, The airy Queen..each yell replies As if another chase were in the skies. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iv. 764 With his last Voice, Eurydice, he cry'd. Eurydice, the Rocks and River⁓banks reply'd.
II.
†5.
a. To retract, withdraw. Obs. rare—1.
1387–8T. Usk Test. Love i. vi. (Skeat) I. 181 Whiche thing is wonder, that they knowing me saiyng but soth arne nowe tempted to reply her olde praysinges.
†b. To send away, repudiate. Obs. rare—1.
c1470Harding Chron. xviii. vii, The quene Gwendolyne..Whome Kyng Locryne forsoke and replyed, And Estrylde weddid againe.
†6. To fold back; to double. Obs. rare.
c1450Bk. Curtasye 661 in Babees Bk. (1868) 321 Þo ouer nape schalle dowbulle be layde,..Þo ouer seluage he schalle replye. 1574Bourne Regiment for Sea xxiii. (1577) 62 b, An instrument shewing you howe many myles of Longitude will answere vnto a degree..by the replying of a threed.
†7. To repeat. Obs. rare—1.
1576Gascoigne Philomene Wks. P j b, Euen so this byrde vppon that name, Hir foremost note replies.
Hence reˈplying vbl. n. and ppl. a.; also reˈplyingly adv., reˈplyist.
1548Elyot, Replicatio, a repliyng. 1571Golding Calvin on Ps. lxxiii. 1 The Adverbe (Ac)..dooth not simply affirme in this place, but is taken replyingly, (for yit, But yit, yit notwithstanding). 1574[see reply v. 6]. 1656Earl of Monmouth tr. Boccalini's Advts. fr. Parnass. ii. xiv. (1674) 156 He without further replying, made all the haste he could out of the Court. 1852N. & Q. 13 Mar. 257 A replyist refers to a work in which is an autobiography. 1871R. Ellis Catullus lxv. 9 Ah! no more to address thee, or hear thy kindly replying! 1883Grant White Washington Adams 6 The quick inquiring and replying chat of compatriots who meet unexpectedly in a strange country. |