| 释义 |
▪ I. milling, vbl. n.|ˈmɪlɪŋ|
[f. mill v.1 + -ing1.]
1. The action or process of subjecting something to the operation of a mill.
a. The action or business of grinding (esp. corn) in a mill.
high milling, milling in which the wheat grain is reduced to flour by successive crackings or slight and partial crushings, alternating with siftings and sortings of the product, resulting in a flour of extreme whiteness and nutritive quality. low milling, milling in which the corn is reduced to flour by a system of mashing, repeated scraping and squeezing, usually attended with some heating of the product, and a single bolting.
1466Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 346 Item, delyverd to Blowbolle fore mellenge and otemelle, vj.d. 1669Worlidge Syst. Agric. (1681) 158 The description and manner of drying and Milling thereof [i.e. madder roots]..I leave to those that are better experienced therein. 1877Amer. Miller Mar. 39/1 The process of milling in the United States is carried on under two different systems, namely, low milling and high, or grits, milling. 1879Encycl. Brit. IX. 344/2 Thus we have these various systems:—(1) flat milling or grinding; (2) high milling or granulation; (3) roller milling or crushing; (4) disintegrator milling or crushing. 1903Q. Rev. Oct. 641 There is little hope, however, of rural milling being revived.
b. The treatment of a substance or material in any of the machines known as mills; e.g. the operation of fulling cloth, rolling metals, crushing minerals, etc.
c1617Ledsam & Williams in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 208 The drawing of gold and silver wire, and milling of it after the manner of England and France. 1679Houghton Collect. Husb. & Trade No. 266 (1727) II. 211 Lead is mightily improv'd of late by a new invention of milling. 1727–41Chambers Cycl., Milling, or throwing of silk, is the last preparation of silk before dyeing... To prepare the silk for milling, they first put it in boiling water. 1872Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 35 The prices of labor, lumber, and charges for milling [sc. quartz] during the year, have not varied much. 1875Knight Dict. Mech., Milling,..the mastication and grinding of slip for porcelain. 1884W. S. B. McLaren Spinning i. (ed. 2) 12 We have seen a piece of worsted cloth..shrink after two hours' milling into one-third of its former dimensions. 1892Hasluck Milling Machines 1 Milling is a term now generally understood as meaning the shaping of metals with rotary cutters.
2. Coining. The operation of producing by special machinery a crenation or series of transverse lines on the edge of a coin as a protection against clipping. Now only concr. the crenation itself.
Another sense, ‘the action of upsetting the edge of a coin, so as to make raised flanges protecting the devices on the faces’, given in Knight Dict. Mech. and the U.S. Dictionaries, is not known at the English Mint, where this operation is called ‘marking’.
1817R. Ruding Ann. Coinage I. 141 A graining has been devised for the protection of their [the smaller coins] outer edge. This, which is generally known by the technical term Milling, was first used in 1663. Ibid. 142 The whole operation of Milling is yet kept a profound secret in the Mint. 1876Mathews Coinage i. 7 The saw-like edge possessed by modern coins is called the milling.
3. slang.
a. The action of robbing or stealing.
b. The action of beating or fighting with the fists, a beating.
†c. ‘Old term for kicking in horses’ (Encycl. Sport 1897).
1567Harman Caveat 67 They wyll send them into some house..to steale and robbe, which they call in their language, Milling of the ken. 1670R. Rhodes Floras Vagaries 16 We have all the Querks and Nicety of Roguery, Prigging,..Milling, all, all, Sir. 1815Sporting Mag. XLVI. 148 All three got a merited milling in a few minutes.
4. The action of mill v.1 12 a.
1874J. McCoy Hist. Sk. Cattle Trade 101 Drovers consider that the cattle do themselves great injury by running round in a circle, which is termed in cow-boy parlance, ‘milling’. 1924Scribner's Mag. Dec. 607 Jack..stood outside the door and watched the milling of the excited, hysterical women. 1943C. H. Ward-Jackson Piece of Cake 41 Milling, milling around, flying at high speed in and out across one another's path; or flying in a defensive circle, with the nose of one aircraft a few yards from the tail of another.
5. a. Simple attrib., as milling-cutter, milling-power, milling-right, milling-tool; also with the sense ‘suitable for being milled’, as milling-gold, milling-ore, milling-wheat. Also milling machine, (a) Engin., a machine in which a work-piece fixed to a carriage is subjected to the action of rotating cutters; (b) a machine for fulling cloth.
1884F. J. Britten Watch & Clockm. 177 *Milling cutters have the advantage of retaining their sharpness for a considerable time.
1895Daily News 3 Dec. 9/3 The average yield of free *milling gold is about 11/4 ounce per ton.
1876J. Rose Pract. Machinist xvi. 301 The position occupied by the *milling-machine in modern practical mechanics is almost as important as that occupied by the lathe or planing-machine.
1888Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 661/2 The cloth to be fulled is well saturated with hot soap and water..and rubbed between rollers in the milling-machine while so heated and soaped. 1953L. E. Doyle Metal Machining xii. 266 A milling machine must hold and rotate a cutter and have means to hold a workpiece and move it uniformly in at least one direction. 1962W. J. Onions Wool xi. 245 In the operation of milling..fabrics are thickened and shrunk to a desired width..The operation is usually carried out in the rotary milling machine.
1877Raymond Statist. Mines & Mining 257 A large part of the ore is *milling-ore.
1856Olmsted Slave States 540 Running water, frequently affording excellent *milling power.
1870Law Rep., Comm. Pl. V. 671 The exercise of a *milling right on a river.
1876J. Rose Pract. Machinist xvi. 303 One of the main advantages of *milling-tools is that the work will, in nearly all cases, be true. 1895Model Steam Engine 90 A Milling tool is similar to a steel cog-wheel.
1865Public Opinion 4 Mar. 218/2 Where are the *milling and corn trades, formerly so prosperous in Ireland?
1887Pall Mall G. 23 Sept. 2/2 It..makes so excellent a *milling wheat that [etc.].
b. In the sense ‘pertaining to pugilism or pugilists’, as milling-match, milling mug, milling phrase.
1819T. More Tom Crib's Mem. (ed. 3) 49 Account of the *Milling-match between Entellus and Dares.
1812Sporting Mag. XL. 249 The qualifications of the renowned Jem Belcher's weight, a *milling mug and fearless resolution.
1814Byron Let. to Moore 3 Aug., London..is the only place to take the conceit out of a man—in the *milling phrase.
▪ II. milling, ppl. a.|ˈmɪlɪŋ|
[f. mill v.2 + -ing2.]
1. slang. Fighting, pugilistic.
1812J. H. Vaux Flash Dict., Milling-cove, a pugilist. 1815Scott Let. to Dk. of Buccleuch Aug. in Lockhart Life, Shaw, the milling Life-Guards' man.
2. That carries on a mill or mills.
1886Leeds Mercury 16 Feb. 6/6 The large milling firms in London. 1902Daily Chron. 6 Oct. 7/6 Information circulated in milling circles yesterday.
3. Of cattle, fish, etc.: Going round in a circle. Cf. mill v.1 12.
1901Munsey's Mag. XXIV. 483/2 They were passing in front of the milling herd. 1919L. F. Cody Memories Buffalo Bill xiii. 289 Here the buffalo thundered along in their milling herd, while Will and the assembled cowboys circled them. 1931H. F. Pringle Theodore Roosevelt i. viii. 99 The milling crowds of the cities. |