| 释义 |
meritocracy|mɛrɪˈtɒkrəsɪ|
[f. merit n. + -ocracy.]
Government by persons selected on the basis of merit in a competitive educational system; a society so governed; a ruling or influential class of educated people. Hence ˈmeritocrat n. and a.; ˌmeritoˈcratic a.
1958M. Young Rise of Meritocracy iv. 71 Before the meritocracy was fully established, age-stratification as a substitute for the hereditary order may have been necessary for the sake of social stability. 1958Economist 1 Nov. 407/1 Mr Young's meritocratic Britain, though described with ostensible enthusiasm, is an odious place. 1960Guardian 28 Apr. 10/4 If it [sc. Oxbridge] adopts purely intellectual criteria it..is accused..of creating an isolated meritocracy. 196020th Cent. Apr. 358 They teach their future rulers, oligarchic or meritocrat, how to acquire and wield power. 1961Harper's Bazaar Feb. 56/1 The grammar schools..have given birth to a new class, the meritocracy. 1961D. Jenkins Equality & Excellence vi. 110 One of [Michael] Young's most unlikely prognostications is that the best public schools will be taken over by the meritocrats. 1964M. Argyle Psychol. & Social Probl. xi. 146 Selection in Britain is not only producing a meritocracy, but is perpetuating a class system. 1966Guardian 9 July 4/3 The lobby which says the independent schools produce ‘insensitive meritocrats’. 1967New Scientist 10 Aug. 308/1 Public subsidy of the future meritocrat elite is efficient, but inequitable. 1969Sci. Jrnl. June 9 Pronouncements on the issue by scientists alone might appear to be the jabberings of a meritocracy. 1973Guardian 21 Apr. 13/8 The monarchy..is, perhaps, our last stronghold..against the relentless advance of the meritocracy. 1973New Statesman 28 Sept. 410/3 On the surface his background was impeccable for a rising Labour politician in the meritocratic Forties and Fifties. 1975Times Lit. Suppl. 2 May 471/2 Keynes..was a meritocrat—not a democrat. |