| 释义 |
manciple|ˈmænsɪp(ə)l|
Forms: 4 maunciple, (5 mawnciple, -cypylle, 6 mansebyll), 5–6 mancyple, (7 mansiple, 8 mancipal), 3– manciple.
[a. OF. manciple, mancipe (for the ending cf. principle, participle), ad. L. mancipium, f. manus hand + root of capĕre to take.
In classical L. mancipium meant acquisition by purchase, absolute ownership, hence concr. a slave. In med.L. it meant also the office or function of a manceps or buyer in of stores (in late L. this word sometimes denoted the manager of a public bakery: so in late Gr. form µάγκιψ). It may be conjectured that in monastic use the word denoting the office was applied (like many similar terms) to the person charged with it, and that this application is the source of sense 1 below, which seems not to be known in OF.]
1. An officer or servant who purchases provisions for a college, an inn of court, a monastery, etc.
a1225Ancr. R. 214 Þe ȝiure glutun is þes feondes manciple. Uor he stikeð euer iðe celere, oðer iðe kuchene. His heorte is iðe disches. [Prob. a misunderstanding of a Lat. original which had mancipium in the sense of bondservant, slave.] c1386Chaucer Prol. 567 A gentil maunciple was ther of a temple Of which Achatours myghte take exemple ffor to be wise in byynge of vitaille. 1401Pol. Poems (Rolls) II. 98 Oones I was a manciple at Mertoun halle. 1482Monk of Evesham (Arb.) 49 And thoo thyngys that were necessarye to the ornamentys of alle the chyrche,..y wolde dylygently orden therfore, as y had be hys famylyar seruante and mawncypylle. 1530in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford 78 The..Proctors requyrd the..xxvs of the mansebyll. Ibid. 89 Gunter beyng a mancyple to scolers. 1641Milton Reform. ii. 84 Furnish't with no more experience then they learnt betweene the Cook, and the manciple. 1660Wood Life (O.H.S.) I. 352 At Queen's Coll. Oxon is every year a bore's head provided by the manciple against Xtmasday. 1721–2Amherst Terræ Fil. No. 13 (1754) 63 Father William..made him manciple of his college, a sinecure worth twenty pounds a year. 1821Lamb Elia Ser. i. Old Benchers I.T., I remember..the cook applying to him [Jackson]..for instructions how to write down edge bone of beef... He decided the orthography..[and]..dismissed the manciple (for the time) learned and happy. 1848J. H. Newman Loss & Gain (1853) 67 In came the manciple with the dinner paper, which Mr. Vincent had formally to run his eye over. 1891Daily News 26 Dec. 2/5 The ancient ceremony of serving up a boar's head at Queen's College was duly observed yesterday... A splendid specimen, weighing upwards of sixty pounds, had been prepared by the College manciple. 1893Fowler Hist. C. C. C. (O.H.S.) 458 note, The offices of First Cook and Manciple were now [1868] combined. 1897D. Macleane Pembr. Coll. iii. (O.H.S.) 32 He [the principal] did not cater for the aularians. This was done by an upper servant or manciple, ‘wise in buying of vitaille’, who was sometimes a scholar.
transf.1744M. Bishop Life & Adv. 169 Finding that the Barrack I was to be in had four Beds, we..took it by turns to officiate as Manciple.
†2. A bondslave, servant. [= L. mancipium.]
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 277 And anon he was made þe enemyes maunciple [L. ille mancipium hostis effectus]. c1440Hylton Scala Perf. (W. de W. 1494) ii. vi, The same falleth to a Jewe or to a sarracyne the whyche or they ben crystened arne nought but mancyples of helle. 1537Cromwell in Merriman Life & Lett. (1902) II. 89 Euery man well perceyuethe the difference betwyxt a franke, a holy, a godly, a generall cownsaill, and an assemblie of ambicious manciples, of men sworne to pope's lustes and gaynes. 1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1596) 294/2 For is not the king of England our [sc. the pope's] vassall? and to saie more, our manciple or page. [1611Florio, Mancipio, a manciple, a bondman, a thrall, a vassall.]
Hence ˈmancipleship, the office of a manciple.
1642B. N. C. Muniments 28. 135 To perform his mancipleship faithfully. |