| 释义 |
‖ malleus Anat.|ˈmælɪəs|
Pl. -ei |-ɪaɪ|.
[L.: lit. ‘hammer’.]
1. The outermost of the three small bones (malleus, incus, and stapes) in the ear of mammals, which transmits the vibrations of the tympanum to the incus or ‘anvil’: = hammer 2 d.
1669Holder Elem. Speech 162 The Malleus lies along fixed to the Tympanum. 1705Phil. Trans. XXV. 1982 The head of the Malleus lyes hid in the beginning of the Sinus Mastoideus. 1761P. Morant ibid. LII. 264 A young lad..had the malleus of each ear..dropt out. 1840G. V. Ellis Anat. 284 The laxator tympani, or great external muscle of the malleus. 1881Mivart Cat 299 One such suspends the Malleus from the wall of the tympanum.
2. One of two organs of the ‘trophi’ or mouth-apparatus in Rotifera, which work upon the incus.
1850Gosse in Trans. Microscop. Soc. (1852) III. 94 The implements of mastication..consist of two bent jaws, which work upon a central table, and have been likened to a pair of hammers working on an anvil; I shall therefore name the working arms the mallei, and the central table the incus. 1877Huxley Anat. Inv. Anim. iv. 188. 1888 Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 633.
3. Zool. A genus of molluscs of the family Aviculidæ (Hammer-shells or Hammer-oysters).
1839Penny Cycl. XIV. 334/2. 1878 Bell Gegenbaur's Comp. Anat. 329 Malleus, Avicula, [etc.]..have an organ [byssus-secreting gland] of this kind. |