| 释义 |
lungwort|ˈlʌŋwɜːt|
For forms see lung and wort.
[OE. lungenwyrt, f. lungen lung + wyrt wort.]
The English name of various plants.
†1. Hieracium murorum, also called French lungwort, golden lungwort. Obs.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 92 Nim..lungenwyrt seo biþ ᵹeolu ufeweard. 1597[see French a. 5]. 1670[see golden a. 10 b]. 1796[see French a. 5].
†2. Black Hellebore. Helleborus niger. Obs.
c1265Voc. Plants in Wr.-Wülcker 557/27 Eleborum, ellebre, lungwurt. a1400–50Stockh. Med. MS. 184 Long⁓wourt or pelethre of Spanye (Eleborus). c1450Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 580/2 Eleborus niger, longwort. 1611Cotgr., Obre, Bastard blacke Hellebore, Lungwort, Christs-wort.
3. The boraginaceous plant Pulmonaria officinalis (Common Lungwort), having leaves with white spots, fancied to resemble the spots in a diseased lung.
1538Elyot Dict., Pulmonaria, an herbe callyd Lung⁓worte. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 134 Take a handfull of beasts Loongwoort, a handfull of other Loongwoort that serueth for the pot. 1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 85/2 Lungwort, a kind of Moss, with broad tough leaves,..spotted on the upper side. 1787tr. Linnæus' Fam. Plants I. 100 Pulmonaria (Lung-wort). 1861Miss Pratt Flower. Pl. IV. 31. 1882 G. Allen Colours Flowers ii. 49 The lung⁓wort (Pulmonaria officinalis) is also dark blue.
b. With qualification applied to plants of the allied American genus Mertensia.
1856Delamer Fl. Gard. (1861) 88 Mertensia Sibirica, the Siberian Lungwort, removed by modern botanists from the genus Pulmonaria,..is also sometimes styled Forget-me-not. 1866Treas. Bot., Lungwort, smooth. Mertensia.
†4. The Great Mullein, Verbascum Thapsus; called also bullock's lungwort, clown's lungwort, cow's lungwort (see these ns.). Obs.
1538Turner Libellus, Longwort, Verbascum. 1578Lyte Dodoens i. lxxxi. 120 Mulleyn is called in..English also..Longworte. 1601Holland Pliny II. 246 Mvllen or Lung⁓wort with the yellow golden floure. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 477 If it come from the sickness of the Lungs, then the herb called Lungwort or Creswort, is the most present remedy in the World. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Candelaria, the Herb Wooll-blade, Torchherb, Long-Wort, or Mullein.
5. A species of lichen (Sticta pulmonacea or pulmonaria), otherwise known as Lungs of Oak (see lung 5) and Tree Lungwort (see tree).
1578Lyte Dodoens iii. lxxi. 412 The seconde kinde [of Moss] groweth also about trees, the whiche is called Lung⁓wurt. 1579Langham Gard. Health (1633) 374 Lvngwort of the Oke..is good for the inflammations & ulcers of the lungs. 1756Watson in Phil. Trans. XLIX. 857 Lichen pulmonarius arboreus sive Pulmonaria arborea,..Lung⁓wort, Oak Lungs. 1785Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xxxii. (1794) 498 Lungwort or Tree Lichen, which hangs from old Oaks, and beeches in woods, has very large jagged leaves, smooth and ending obtusely. 1861H. Macmillan Footnotes fr. Page Nat. 106 The lung-wort (Sticta pulmonaria)..grows..on trees and rocks in sub-alpine woods.
†6. Angelica, Archangelica officinalis. Obs.[The form lungwort does not occur in this sense, and the ambiguous spelling longwort perh. indicates a distinct word, f. long a. But angelica was in fact used in ailments of the lungs.] 1552Elyot Dict. s.v. Angelica, Of this herbe be two kindes, one of the gardeyne..an other wilde, named linge worte or longe wurt. 1565Cooper Thesaurus, Angelica, an hearbe whereof be two kindes, one of the garden called angelica or imperial, the other wilde: named lingwourt or longewourt. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Long-wort or Angelica, an Herb. 1731Bailey vol. II, Long-wort.
†7. Toothwort, Lathræa Squamaria. (Also clown's lungwort.) Obs.
1597Gerarde Herbal iii. clxiii. 1387 Of great Toothwoorth, or Clownes Lungwoort. 1 Dentaria maior Mathioli. Great toothwoort, or Lungwoort. 2 Dentaria minor. Little Lungwoort. Ibid. 1388 Our countrey women do call it [Dentaria] Lungwoort, and do vse it against the cough and all other imperfections of the lungs. |