| 释义 |
▪ I. proselyte, n.|ˈprɒsɪlaɪt|
Forms: 4 proselyt, -ilite, 4–8 -elit(e, 7 -ylite, 6– -proselyte.
[ad. late L. prosēlyt-us (fem. -a), a 200 in Itala, Tertullian, a. Gr. προσήλυτ-ος one who has come to a place, also a convert to Judaism, prop. adj. f. προσηλυθ-, 2nd aorist stem of προσέρχ-εσθαι to come to, approach. Cf. F. prosélyte, OF. proselite (13th c. in Littré).]
1. One who has come over from one opinion, belief, creed, or party to another; a convert.
1382Wyclif Matt. xxiii. 15 Woo to ȝou, scribis and Pharisees, ypocritis, that cumpasen the se and the lond, that ȝee maken o proselite [gloss that is, a conuertid to ȝoure ordre; 1388 prosilite; 1535 Coverdale proselyte]. 1611Shakes. Wint. T. v. i. 108 Would she begin a Sect, might..make Proselytes Of who she but bid follow. 1638Sir T. Herbert Trav. (ed. 2) 27 The Portugall has preacht Christ, but have few Proselites. a1639T. Carew Poems Wks. (1824) 121 Both rendred Hymen's pros'lits by thy muse. 1799Med. Jrnl. I. 492 These difficulties procured the theory of Boerhaave a great number of proselytes. 1871Freeman Norm. Conq. IV. xvii. 16 The Danes were the pupils and proselytes of the English.
2. spec. A Gentile convert to the Jewish faith.
proselyte of righteousness or proselyte of the covenant: see quot. 1831–3. proselyte of the gate, a proselyte who did not submit to all the ordinances of the law, esp. to circumcision, nor participate in all the privileges of an Israelite.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxxvi. (Baptista) 1060 He [Herod] is proselit; Þat is til vndirstand, þu treu, Of a payane cumyne a Iow. 1382Wyclif Acts ii. 10 Jewis, and proselitis, men of Crete and Arabye. 1581Marbeck Bk. of Notes 879 They were Proselites which were Gentiles borne, and embraced the Jewish Profession. 1611Bible Transl. Pref. 8 The Translation of Aquila a Proselite, that is, one that had turned Iew. 1831–3E. Burton Eccl. Hist. iv. (1845) 84 The Proselytes of righteousness, i.e. Gentiles who adopted circumcision and every other ordinance of the Mosaic Law. 1879Farrar St. Paul I. 139 One who was only a proselyte of the gate, one who held back from the seal of the covenant made to Abraham, would not be regarded as a full Christian any more than he would be regarded as a full Jew.
3. attrib. or adj.
1646R. Baillie Anabaptism (1647) 135 The right of proselyte infants under the Law to the Covenant and the Sacrament which then did seal it. 1826J. Gilchrist Lect. 33 It is certain that Proselyte Baptism existed among the Jews at and previously to the time of John the Baptist. 1858J. Martineau Stud. Chr. 113 How would the effect of this great revolution be described to the proselyte Gentiles?
▪ II. proselyte, v.|ˈprɒsɪlaɪt|
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To make a proselyte of; to cause to come over or turn from one opinion, belief, creed, or party to another; esp. to convert from one religious faith or sect to another; to proselytize.
1624Bp. R. Montagu Gagg To Rdr., I then delivered unto my neighbour the partie that should have been proselyted. 1657–83Evelyn Hist. Relig. (1850) II. 133 In whose name they were to baptize and proselyte all nations. 1680Visor pluckt off R. Thompson 2 In less than two years he proselyted many Anabaptists and Quakers. 1702Echard Eccl. Hist. (1710) 85 Thus Sichem..was the first place proselyted to the Gospel. 1831Southey in Q. Rev. XLV. 409 [He] endeavoured to proselyte them to his own miserable state of unbelief.
†b. refl. and intr. To become a proselyte. Obs.
1657–83Evelyn Hist. Relig. (1850) II. 244 Though many proselyted, yet remains there a part, who would never be recovered to that Church. 1672P. Henry Diaries & Lett. (1882) 254 Wee reason'd long; but neither hee proselyted to mee nor I to him. 1716M. Davies Athen. Brit. II. 254 The Arian Court-Mongring Bishops persuaded the Emperor Constantius to Proselyte him into their Arian Heterodoxy.
c. absol. To make proselytes, to proselytize.
1799R. Hall Wks. (1833) I. 73 They would never disturb the quiet of the world by their attempts to proselyte. 1827J. J. Gurney in Memoir (1854) I. 334 His liberality enables him to proselyte more successfully. 1888Lea Hist. Inquisition I. 242 To carry it out fully, they should have proselyted with the sword.
Hence ˈproselyted ppl. a., made or become a proselyte, converted; ˈproselyting vbl. n. and ppl. a.; also ˈproselyter, one who proselytizes or makes proselytes.
1652Evelyn Diary 13 Apr., Deane Cosin's proselyted son. 1660Stillingfl. Iren. i. ii. (1662) 67 The use of Baptism in proselyting. 1785Paley Mor. Philos. (1818) II. 319 A polemical and proselyting spirit. a1834Coleridge in Lit. Rem. (1836) II. 366 An eager proselyter and intolerant. 1931H. F. Pringle Theodore Roosevelt ii. xiii. 456 Mrs. Storer went on with her proselyting. 1948Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch 13 Feb. 30/1 San Francisco..was guilty of one of the worst cases of out-and-out..proselyting and subsidizing yet seen. |