| 释义 |
luminous, a.|ˈl(j)uːmɪnəs|
Also 5 luminos(e, lumynouse.
[ad. L. lūminōs-us, f. lūmin-, lūmen light. Cf. F. lumineux.]
1. a. Full of light; emitting or casting light; shining, bright. occas. jocular = shiny.
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) I. 113 The frute of oliues is vnctuous, luminose, and delicious. 1471Ripley Comp. Alch. Pref. in Ashm. Theatr. Chem. Brit. (1652) 121 Whose Luminos Bemes obtundyth our speculation. 1630Tinker of Turvey 55 His eyes were luminous, Chrystalline and beauteous. 1792M. Riddell Voy. Madeira 20 The phaenomenon of the luminous sea, well known to naturalists. 1835W. Irving Tour Prairies 147 As the night thickened the huge fires became more and more luminous. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 1191 In circumpolarization it [sugar] bends the luminous rays to the right. 1863Tyndall Heat i. §11 (1870) 11 Here are two quartz-pebbles: I have only to rub them together to make them luminous. 1877W. H. Balmain Brit. Pat. 4152 7 Nov., My invention relates to a method of rendering paints, varnishes, whitewashings, and temperings luminous, and consists in the introduction into ordinary paints, varnishes, or washes of a phosphorescent substance, by which means the object to which the paint, or varnish, or wash is applied is made visible in the dark and more or less capable of imparting light to other objects. 1900Blackw. Mag. July 58/2 The maples and birches..shone with a strange luminous beauty. 1926R. W. Lawson tr. Hevesey & Paneth's Man. Radioactivity xxv. 194 These radioactive ‘luminous substances’ differ from the phosphorescent substances formerly used, in that they do not require previous illumination. 1929Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 9 Feb. 466/1 (heading) Occupational poisoning in manufacture of luminous watch dials. 1953Kirk & Othmer Encycl. Chem. Technol. X. 658 Of increasing commercial importance are the luminous pigments which produce fluorescent and phosphorescent effects of value in interior decoration, for direction signs and safety devices, television picture tubes, special military applications, and the like. 1958New Statesman 28 June 846/3 The sins of the hitch-hiking undergraduates were drainpipes, luminous socks, and frying sausages in their bedrooms. 1969R. F. Lang tr. Henglein's Chem. Technol. 546 Radium salts are used..for manufacturing luminous paint mixed with ZnS and CaS. 1975K. Barclay tr. Orum's Whipping-Boy xi. 82 My alarm clock has a luminous dial.
b. Of a room: Well lighted.
1610G. Fletcher Christ's Tri. ii. xxx, Their sunny Tents and houses luminous. 1624Wotton Elem. Archit. i. 55 Our Master..seems to haue beene an extreame Louer of Luminous Roomes. 1775Johnson Tour West. Isl. Scot. 10 The library..is elegant and luminous. 1791Boswell Johnson 21 Sept. an. 1777, The church of Ashbourne, which is one of the largest and most luminous that I have seen in any town of the same size.
c. Applied to animals or plants which emit light.
1845Darwin Voy. Nat. ii. (1879) 30 The rings in one instance retained their luminous property nearly twenty-four hours after the death of the insect. 1851–6Woodward Mollusca 30 Some of the cuttle-fishes are slightly luminous. 1900Nature 12 July 264/2 Dr. J. D. F. Gilchrist exhibited..four fishes showing luminous organs.
d. luminous efficiency, (of radiant energy) the ratio of the luminous flux to the total flux; (of a light source) the ratio of the luminous flux to the total flux emitted by, or power supplied to, the source.
1902Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 89/1 The luminous efficiency of any source of light, that is to say, the percentage of rays emitted which affect the eye as light compared with the total radiation, is dependent upon its temperature. In an ordinary oil lamp the luminous rays do not form much more than 3 per cent of the total radiation. 1927H. N. Russell et al. Astron. II. xvi. 529 The luminous efficiency of sunlight is obtained by dividing the total luminous flux by the total radiant flux..and comes out 100 lumens, or about 8 candles per watt. 1961Carnt & Townsend Colour Television iii. 55 Objects moving across the screen may..leave a yellow trail..as the red and green phosphors continue to glow after the blue phosphor has ceased... The luminous efficiency of these phosphors is low, only a few per cent of the electrical energy being converted into radiant energy... Ten or so lumens per watt can be obtained at 20 kV.
2. transf. and fig.; said esp. of writers, expressions, literary treatment, etc.
c1450Mirour Saluacioun 1261 This virgine fulle of splendour and thorgh out lumynouse. 1618Bolton Florus To Rdr. (1636) A 7 Whose writings are altogether as luminous, as acuminous. 1787Sheridan in Sheridaniana 98 If you..read the luminous page of Gibbon. 1799Med. Jrnl. I. 397 The solid and luminous theory of Lavoisier and La Place. 1809Knox & Jebb Corr. I. 559 When I say that Watts was not luminous, I mean strictly to distinguish that word from lucid; for this I think he was. 1855Macaulay Hist. Eng. xxv. IV. 447 His State papers..are models of terse, luminous, and dignified eloquence. 1881G. Allen Vignettes fr. Nat. xxii. 222 Mr. Wallace's luminous researches on the geographical distribution of animals. |