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anomaly|əˈnɒməlɪ|
[ad. L. anōmalia, a. Gr. ἀνωµαλία, n. of quality f. ἀνώµαλ-ος: see anomal.]
1. Unevenness, inequality, of condition, motion, etc.
1571Digges Pantom. (1591) 178 The excesse wherby the Semidiameter of the Ringe or Cornice of the Head dooth exceed the Cornice of the Coyle [of cannon] I call the Anomalye. 1684T. Burnet Th. Earth II. 98 The great shakings and concussions of our globe at that time, affecting some of the neighbouring orbs..may cause anomalies and irregularities in their motions. 1837Whewell Hist. Induct. Sc. I. iii. ii. 175 The motions of the sun and moon..had other anomalies or irregularities.
2. a. Irregularity, deviation from the common order, exceptional condition or circumstance. concr. A thing exhibiting such irregularity; an anomalous thing or being.
1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 78 To admire Nature's Anomaly..in the number of Eyes, which she has given to several Animals. 1722Wollaston Relig. Nat. ix. 217 Support him under all the anomalies of life. 1818Hallam Mid. Ages (1872) II. 213 Time changes anomaly into system. 1852Gladstone Gleanings IV. xvi. 152 The intolerable anomaly of a state obeying in the civil sphere the dictates of the Church. 1870Disraeli Lothair l. 274 A capital without a country is an apparent anomaly.
b. Nat. Sci. Deviation from the natural order.
1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 135 They confound the generation of perfect animalls with imperfect..and erect anomalies, disturbing the lawes of Nature. 1859Darwin Orig. Spec. v. (1873) 108 There is no greater anomaly in nature than a bird that cannot fly. 1860Maury Phys. Geog. xv. §669 A low barometer..was considered an anomaly peculiar to the regions of Cape Horn.
c. Gram. Irregularity, exception to the prevailing form of inflexion, etc.
1612Brinsley Lud. Lit. xx. (1627) 224 Most exceptions or Anomalies may be learned after. 1751Watts Improvem. Mind (1801) 57 Let but few of the anomalies or irregularities of the tongue be taught..to young beginners. 1874Blackie Self-Culture 34 Some anomalies, as in the conjugation of a few irregular verbs.
3. Astr. The angular distance of a planet or satellite from its last perihelion or perigee: so called because the first irregularities of planetary motion were discovered in the discrepancy between the actual and the computed distance.
1669Flamstead in Phil. Trans. IV. 1109 The moons mean Anomaly is 0 s. 15 d. 10 m. 37 sec. 1706Phillips, Anomaly of the Orbit is the Arch, or Distance of a Planet from its Aphelion. 1867E. Denison Astron. 32 The distance of a planet from perihelion, or of the moon from perigee..is called its true anomaly; and the distance it would have gone in the same time if it moved uniformly, or in a circle instead of an ellipse, is its mean anomaly; and their difference is called the equation of the centre. 1868Chambers's Encycl. I. 280 The anomaly was formerly measured from the aphelion; but from the fact that the aphelia of most of the comets lie beyond the range of observation, the perihelion is now taken as the point of departure for all planetary bodies.
4. Mus. A small deviation from a perfect interval, in tuning instruments with fixed notes; a temperament. Ed. Encycl. 1830.
5. a. Meteorol. (See quots.)
1853E. J. Sabine tr. Dove's Distribution of Heat 20 We require..to exhibit the relation of the actual temperature of each place to the mean or normal temperature of its geographical latitude. I call the difference between the actual and normal temperature the ‘thermic anomaly’. 1922W. G. Kendrew Clim. Cont. i. i. 3 The ‘anomaly of temperature’ for that place, a positive anomaly if the place is warmer than the mean, a negative anomaly if it is colder.
b. Geogr. A local departure from the normal pull of gravity.
1924H. Jeffreys Earth 121 This anomaly is always negative. In other words, the gravity on a mountain top is less than elsewhere. 1944A. Holmes Princ. Physical Geol. xviii. 404 This band of what are called ‘negative anomalies of gravity’ implies that there is a corresponding deficiency of density in the materials of the crust beneath. |