| 释义 |
zygote Biol.|ˈzaɪgəʊt|
[ad. Gr. ζυγωτός yoked, f. ζυγοῦν to yoke.]
A body of living protoplasm, as a cell or cell-nucleus, formed by the conjugation or fusion of two such bodies in reproduction; a zygospore, or any germ-cell resulting from the union of two reproductive cells or gametes. Also attrib. or as adj. That is a zygote, formed by conjugation; of or pertaining to a zygote.
1891Hartog in Nature 17 Sept. 484 Paragamy or Endokaryogamy: vegetative or gametal nuclei lying in a continuous mass of cytoplasm fuse to form a zygote nucleus. 1895Oliver tr. Kerner's Nat. Hist. Plants II. 628 The cell produced by the fusion of the bodies of two gametes is called the zygote.
Hence zygotic |-ˈɒtɪk| a., pertaining to or of the nature of a zygote, produced or characterized by zygosis; zyˈgotically adv., in the zygote; in terms of the zygote; zyˈgotoblast [-blast], one of a number of germ-cells or sporozoites produced by budding from a zygotomere (see below); zyˈgotoid [-oid], a multinucleate form of zygote in certain fungi (see quot.); zyˈgotomere [Gr. µέρος part], one of a number of cells formed by segmentation of a zygote in the malaria parasite or other Sporozoa.
1891Hartog in Nature 17 Sept. 484 In apocytial fungi multinucleated masses of protoplasm (gametoids) may conjugate to form a zygotoid. 1899Allbutt's Syst. Med. VIII. 945 Nucleus and protoplasm divide into a number of zygotomeres, which become blastophores, each bearing on its surface..a large number of filamentous zygotoblasts. 1909W. E. Castle Inheritance in Rabbits (Carnegie Inst. Publ. No. 114) 58 The enumeration of the conceivable different varieties of gray rabbit, all alike in appearance but all different in breeding capacity, i.e., of different zygotic formula. 1915Jrnl. Genetics V. 45 Zygotically therefore the three forms [of rabbit] may be represented thus: Self-coloured..CCSS, Himalayan..CCss, Albino..ccss. 1931Ibid. XXIV. 448 It is probable that the new combinations will be less successful than the old, both zygotically and gametically. 1977J. Cohen Reproduction ix. 163 The second phase of embryology begins, controlled by zygotic genes. 1980Genetics XCVI. 187 The possibility that essential loci in the zeste-white region of the Drosophila melanogaster X chromosome are expressed both maternally and zygotically has been tested. |