| 释义 |
zeolite Min.|ˈziːəlaɪt|
Also 8–9 erron. -yte.
[ad. Sw., G., etc. zeolit, f. Gr. ζεῖν to boil, seethe + λίθος stone, -lite; so named from its boiling and swelling under the blowpipe: see quot. 1777.]
Generic name for a large and varied group of minerals, consisting of hydrous silicates in which the bases are alumina and the alkalies and alkaline earths; generally characterized by swelling up and fusing to a glass or enamel before the blowpipe, and often by gelatinizing with acids; commonly found in the cavities of igneous rocks.
Examples are analcite, brewsterite, chabazite, harmotome, natrolite, phillipsite, stilbite, thomsonite, etc.
1777Dict. Chem. III. X 8, Zeolites. This name is given by Mr. Cronstedt to a stone described by him in the Transactions of the Academy of Sciences at Stockholm for the year 1756, the peculiar properties of which have induced that mineralogist to consider it as forming a distinct order of earths, called zeolites. 1777Priestley Exper. Air III. 39 The sparry zeolyte from the Ferro Isles. 1803Edin. Rev. Jan. 510 This Zeolite, found in the rocks of Edinburgh Castle. 1804Ibid. Jan. 311 Zeolytes [see chabazite]. 1842T. Graham Elem. Chem. 145 Chabasie and other minerals of the zeolite family. 1880Haughton Phys. Geog. v. 214 note, Tabular trap, which..contains abundant zeolites.
Hence zeolitic |-ˈɪtɪk|, † -ical adjs., pertaining to, consisting of, or of the nature of zeolite; zeoˈlitically adv., as in a zeolite; zeolitiform |-ˈɪtɪfɔːm| a. ‘having the form of zeolite’ (Webster, 1828); ˌzeolitiˈzation, transformation into a zeolite; so ˈzeolitize v. (in mod. Dicts.).
1828–32Webster, *Zeolitic. 1848Daubeny Volcanoes (ed. 2) 18 An intimate mixture of augite and magnetic iron with a mineral of the zeolitic family. 1857G. Bird's Urin. Deposits (ed. 5) 231 Four-sided prisms, which exhibited, like the zeolitic crystals, beautiful coloured bands, when examined with polarized light.
1807J. Headrick Arran 86 *Zeolitical concretions.
1951C. Palache et al. Dana's Syst. Min. (ed. 7) II. 993 The water content can vary *zeolitically over a range from 8H2O to 5H2O. 1969H. T. Evans tr. G. Hägg's Gen. & Inorg. Chem. xxi. 510 Water in a solid phase may..be zeolitically bound.., so that the proportion of water can vary without breaking down the crystal structure. 1980Nuclear Technol. LI. 143/2 This study shows that similar enrichment of 234U occurs in zeolitically altered volcanic ash and tuff.
1891Cent. Dict., *Zeolitization, the process by which a mineral is converted into a zeolite by alteration—for example, nepheline into thomsonite. |