| 释义 |
Zenker|ˈzɛŋkə(r)|
1. The name of F. A. Zenker (1825–98), German pathologist, used in the possessive and occas. attrib. to designate (a) a hyaline degeneration of striated muscle occurring chiefly in cases of acute infectious disease, esp. typhoid and cholera (described by Zenker in 1864); (b) a pathological diverticulum at the junction of the pharynx and œsophagus (described by Zenker & von Ziemssen in Cycl. Practice of Med. (1878) VIII. 1–214).
1890Billings Med. Dict. II. 789/2 Zenker's degeneration, waxy degeneration as seen in muscles after acute attacks of fever. 1898W. S. L. Barlow Man. Gen. Path. xii. 521 In Zenker's degeneration the muscular fibres themselves look dull and semi-opaque, and microscopically are found to have lost their striation. 1910Lippincott's New Med. Dict. 1103/2 Zenker's pulsion diverticulum. 1932Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. XCVIII. 965/2 The symptoms of a Zenker pulsion diverticulum depend on the size of the pouch. 1970Passmore & Robson Compan. Med. Stud. II. xxiv. 25/1 In typhoid fever, patches of necrosis develop in striated muscles. Here, the fibres lose all structure and become glassy and eosinophilic (Zenker's hyaline degeneration). 1975Year Bk. Ear, Nose & Throat 279 A variety of neuro⁓muscular disorders, with or without Zenker's diverticulum.
2. Histology. [The name of Konrad Zenker, German histologist, who described the fluid in 1894 (Arch. f. path. Anat. und Physiol. CXXXV. 147).] Zenker's fluid: a fixative (see quot. 1902).
1902E. A. Schäfer Essentials of Histol. (ed. 6) 397 General methods of preserving and hardening tissues and organs.—The fluids which are more commonly used are..Müller's fluid (bichromate of potash 2½ parts, sulphate of soda 1 part, water 100 parts); Zenker's fluid (which is Müller's fluid containing 5 parts per cent. of mercuric chloride, to which 5 c.c. of acetic acid is added at the time of use); [etc.]. 1941[see fixer 2]. 1976Path. Ann. XI. 130 Tumors that have been fixed in Zenker's fluid almost invariably show affinity for chrome salts, so that brown granules are easily discerned. |